Evaluating serum CXCL12, sCD22, Lp-PLA2 levels and ratios as biomarkers for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

IF 3.9 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

World Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI:10.5498/wjp.v14.i3.380

Zeng-Ling Liu, Fei-Fei Hua, Lei Qu, Na Yan, Hui-Fang Zhang

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Abstract

BACKGROUND Grasping the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still a work in progress, and existing diagnostic techniques encounter various obstacles. Therefore, the discovery of dependable biomarkers is essential for early detection, tracking the disease's advancement, and steering treatment strategies. AIM To explore the diagnostic potential of serum CXCL12, sCD22, Lp-PLA2, and their ratios in AD, aiming to enhance early detection and inform targeted treatment strategies. METHODS The study was conducted in Dongying people's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. Participants included 60 AD patients (AD group) and 60 healthy people (control group). Using a prospective case-control design, the levels of CXCL12, sCD22 and Lp-PLA2 and their ratios were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit in the diagnosis of AD. The differences between the two groups were analyzed by statistical methods, and the corresponding ratio was constructed to improve the specificity and sensitivity of diagnosis. RESULTS Serum CXCL12 levels were higher in the AD group (47.2 ± 8.5 ng/mL) than the control group (32.8 ± 5.7 ng/mL, P < 0.001), while sCD22 levels were lower (14.3 ± 2.1 ng/mL vs 18.9 ± 3.4 ng/mL, P < 0.01). Lp-PLA2 levels were also higher in the AD group (112.5 ± 20.6 ng/mL vs 89.7 ± 15.2 ng/mL, P < 0.05). Significant differences were noted in CXCL12/sCD22 (3.3 vs 1.7, P < 0.001) and Lp-PLA2/sCD22 ratios (8.0 vs 5.2, P < 0.05) between the groups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis confirmed high sensitivity and specificity of these markers and their ratios in distinguishing AD, with area under the curves ranging from 0.568 to 0.787. CONCLUSION Serum CXCL12 and Lp-PLA2 levels were significantly increased, while sCD22 were significantly decreased, as well as increases in the ratios of CXCL12/sCD22 and Lp-PLA2/sCD22, are closely related to the onset of AD. These biomarkers and their ratios can be used as potential diagnostic indicators for AD, providing an important clinical reference for early intervention and treatment.

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评估血清 CXCL12、sCD22、Lp-PLA2 水平和比率，作为诊断阿尔茨海默病的生物标记物

背景掌握阿尔茨海默病（AD）的基本机制仍是一项进行中的工作，现有的诊断技术也遇到了各种障碍。因此，发现可靠的生物标志物对于早期检测、跟踪疾病进展和指导治疗策略至关重要。目的探讨血清 CXCL12、sCD22、Lp-PLA2 及其比值在 AD 中的诊断潜力，旨在加强早期检测并为针对性治疗策略提供依据。方法研究于 2021 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月在东营市人民医院进行。研究对象包括60名AD患者（AD组）和60名健康人群（对照组）。采用前瞻性病例对照设计，用酶联免疫吸附试剂盒检测 AD 诊断中 CXCL12、sCD22 和 Lp-PLA2 的水平及其比值。采用统计学方法分析两组间的差异，并构建相应的比值，以提高诊断的特异性和敏感性。结果 AD组血清CXCL12水平（47.2 ± 8.5 ng/mL）高于对照组（32.8 ± 5.7 ng/mL，P < 0.001），而sCD22水平较低（14.3 ± 2.1 ng/mL vs 18.9 ± 3.4 ng/mL，P < 0.01）。AD 组的 Lp-PLA2 水平也更高（112.5 ± 20.6 ng/mL vs 89.7 ± 15.2 ng/mL，P < 0.05）。CXCL12/sCD22（3.3 vs 1.7，P < 0.001）和Lp-PLA2/sCD22比率（8.0 vs 5.2，P < 0.05）在两组间存在显著差异。接收器操作特征分析证实，这些标记物及其比率在鉴别 AD 方面具有较高的灵敏度和特异性，曲线下面积范围为 0.568 至 0.787。结论血清中 CXCL12 和 Lp-PLA2 水平明显升高，而 sCD22 水平明显降低，CXCL12/sCD22 和 Lp-PLA2/sCD22 比值的升高与 AD 的发病密切相关。这些生物标志物及其比值可作为AD的潜在诊断指标，为早期干预和治疗提供重要的临床参考。

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来源期刊

World Journal of Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

自引率

6.50%

发文量

110

期刊介绍： The World Journal of Psychiatry (WJP) is a high-quality, peer reviewed, open-access journal. The primary task of WJP is to rapidly publish high-quality original articles, reviews, editorials, and case reports in the field of psychiatry. In order to promote productive academic communication, the peer review process for the WJP is transparent; to this end, all published manuscripts are accompanied by the anonymized reviewers’ comments as well as the authors’ responses. The primary aims of the WJP are to improve diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive modalities and the skills of clinicians and to guide clinical practice in psychiatry.