Assessment of Neurological Outcomes of Patients Following Emergency Neurosurgical Interventions for Intra-Cranial Hematomas in Traumatic Brain Injury at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College

Abstract

Background: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the primary cause of death and disability in individuals under 40 globally. Resource constraints exist across the care spectrum, and neurosurgical outcomes remain poorly understood. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the short-term neurological outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for traumatic intracranial hemorrhage at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College. Patients and Methods: A longitudinal study design was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 and binary logistic regression was used to see factors associated with outcomes. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant Result: Total of 34 patients were studied male outnumbered female and mean was age 34.5 ± 12.8. Road traffic accident was the common cause of traumatic brain injury. Acute epidural hematoma accounted the highest proportion (46%) traumatic brain injury. Postoperative mortality rate was 17.6 % and 83.3% was secondary to acute subdural hematoma. On post-operative follow up 64.7% patients have favorable 3 month Glasgow outcome score. The initial pupillary reaction (P: 0.02 COR 0.02(0.002-0.205), postoperative complications (P: <0.01 COR 21(2.099-210.136) and length of hospital stay (P: 0.04 COR0.054(0.07-0.395) showed statically significant association with 03 month Glasgow outcome score. Conclusion: Young male populations are predominately affected from traumatic brain injury. Initial pupillary reactions and postoperative complications significantly affect the neurologic outcome.