Taxon-specific ability of saprophagous soil macrofauna to reintegrate carbon from agricultural waste into soil

IF 2 3区 农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Andrey S. Zaitsev , Anastasia Yu. Gorbunova , Alexander I. Bastrakov , Maxim I. Degtyarev , Donghui Wu , Daniil I. Korobushkin , Ruslan A. Saifutdinov , Konstantin B. Gongalsky
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Abstract

Saprophagous soil macroinvertebrates may potentially degrade agricultural wastes. However, it is not known, to what extent and representatives of which taxa may help reintegrating carbon from crop residues back into soil without triggering massive carbon release into the atmosphere. To tackle this problem, we conducted a three-month-long microcosm experiment with 21 different species of macrofauna (each treatment replicated four times) belonging to 13 families to test their ability to degrade wheat straw. Simultaneously CO2 release from the microcosms was measured. Five species did not survive under experimental conditions. Among the remaining 16 species, three significantly increased wheat straw decomposition with Oryctes nasicornis larvae having inflicted the highest straw mass loss (64%) in comparison with the control, where no animals were added (29%). None of the tested species increased cumulative CO2 evolution from the microcosms, while two species significantly reduced it. The reduction of carbon loss with aerobic respiration was recorded for Cetonia aurata larvae and the earthworm Dendrobaena veneta (respectively 2.5 and 2-fold in relation to the control – 53.8±4.6 mg CO2-C g−1 soil dry weight during the entire experiment). The original integrative Carbon Sequestration Index by Macrofauna (CSIM) calculated for both of the measured parameters suggests that the woodlouse Armadillidium vulgare and to a smaller extent the earthworm D. veneta appear to be the most promising organisms for industrial climate-friendly organic waste recycling in terms of survival, straw processing and simultaneous reduction of CO2 emissions from soil. Our results proved that the engagement of saprophagous macrofauna in crop residue decomposition is a viable technique of carbon reincorporation into the soil. It is accompanied with CO2 release mitigation into the atmosphere.

食液性土壤大型动物将农业废弃物中的碳重新融入土壤的分类能力
食液性土壤大型无脊椎动物有可能降解农业废弃物。然而,目前还不清楚哪些类群能在多大程度上帮助将作物残留物中的碳重新融入土壤,而不会引发大量碳排放到大气中。为了解决这个问题,我们用 13 个科的 21 种大型动物(每种处理重复四次)进行了为期三个月的微观世界实验,以测试它们降解小麦秸秆的能力。同时还测量了微生态系统的二氧化碳释放量。在实验条件下,有 5 个物种无法存活。在其余 16 个物种中,有 3 个物种显著提高了小麦秸秆的分解率,其中鼻角蝇幼虫造成的秸秆质量损失(64%)最高,而对照组没有添加任何动物(29%)。所有受测物种都没有增加微生态系统的二氧化碳累积进化量,但有两个物种显著减少了这一进化量。Cetonia aurata 幼虫和 Dendrobaena veneta 蚯蚓通过有氧呼吸减少了碳损失(分别是对照组的 2.5 倍和 2 倍--整个实验期间 53.8±4.6 毫克 CO2-C g-1 土壤干重)。根据两个测量参数计算得出的大型底栖生物综合碳封存指数(CSIM)表明,从存活率、秸秆处理和同时减少土壤中二氧化碳排放量的角度来看,木虱(Armadillidium vulgare)和蚯蚓(D. veneta)似乎是最有希望实现工业气候友好型有机废物循环利用的生物,但蚯蚓的数量较少。我们的研究结果证明,让食肉大型动物参与作物残留物分解是一种将碳重新纳入土壤的可行技术。同时,还能减少大气中的二氧化碳排放量。
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来源期刊
Pedobiologia
Pedobiologia 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
8.70%
发文量
38
审稿时长
64 days
期刊介绍: Pedobiologia publishes peer reviewed articles describing original work in the field of soil ecology, which includes the study of soil organisms and their interactions with factors in their biotic and abiotic environments. Analysis of biological structures, interactions, functions, and processes in soil is fundamental for understanding the dynamical nature of terrestrial ecosystems, a prerequisite for appropriate soil management. The scope of this journal consists of fundamental and applied aspects of soil ecology; key focal points include interactions among organisms in soil, organismal controls on soil processes, causes and consequences of soil biodiversity, and aboveground-belowground interactions. We publish: original research that tests clearly defined hypotheses addressing topics of current interest in soil ecology (including studies demonstrating nonsignificant effects); descriptions of novel methodological approaches, or evaluations of current approaches, that address a clear need in soil ecology research; innovative syntheses of the soil ecology literature, including metaanalyses, topical in depth reviews and short opinion/perspective pieces, and descriptions of original conceptual frameworks; and short notes reporting novel observations of ecological significance.
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