Spatial-temporal distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2001-2020: expansion and challenges.

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI:10.1093/trstmh/trae009

Alex de O Vasconcelos, Sandro J Bedoya-Pacheco, Rafael R Cunha E Silva, Mônica de A F M Magalhães, Tayana P S O de Sá, Cristina M G Dias, Patrícia S Meneguete, Paula M P de Almeida, Maria Inês F Pimentel

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Abstract

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis results from complex interactions among humans, dogs and environment. Brazil accounts for 97% of cases in the Americas.

Methods: Twenty years (2001-2020) of the endemic disease in the state of Rio de Janeiro were studied. Incidence, lethality, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were investigated, complemented with spatial methodologies (kernel and clusters).

Results: Ninety-seven human cases and 625 dogs were reported. Of the 92 cities, 22 were human endemic areas. The state had a low incidence level (0.6 per 100 000). Lethality was higher compared with the Brazilian average. More than 90% of infections occurred in urban areas. Most cases (66%) occurred in men. The predominant age groups were 0-4 y (28.7%) and 20-39 y (32.9%). Fever (89.5%), splenomegaly (83.2%) and hepatomegaly (76.8%) were the main clinical manifestations. Spatial analysis showed a displacement of the human endemic: in the first decade (2001-2010), cases were concentrated in the Metropolitan region, and in the second decade (2011-2020) in the Médio Paraíba region of the state. Most of the endemic area (56.4%) had canine infections without reported human cases.

Conclusions: Disorderly urbanisation and precarious living conditions favour the transmission of the disease. Changes in the environment and migratory processes contribute to its expansion.

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2001-2020 年巴西里约热内卢内脏利什曼病的时空分布：扩展与挑战。

背景：人、狗和环境之间复杂的相互作用导致了内脏利什曼病。巴西的病例占美洲病例的 97%：方法：对里约热内卢州 20 年（2001-2020 年）的地方病进行了研究。调查了发病率、致死率、社会人口和临床特征，并辅以空间方法（内核和群组）：结果：共报告了 97 例人类病例和 625 条狗。在 92 个城市中，22 个是人类流行区。该州的发病率较低（0.6/100 000）。死亡率高于巴西的平均水平。90%以上的感染病例发生在城市地区。大多数病例（66%）发生在男性身上。主要年龄组为 0-4 岁（28.7%）和 20-39 岁（32.9%）。发热（89.5%）、脾脏肿大（83.2%）和肝脏肿大（76.8%）是主要的临床表现。空间分析显示了人类流行病的转移：在第一个十年（2001-2010 年），病例集中在大都会地区，而在第二个十年（2011-2020 年），病例集中在该州的梅迪奥帕拉伊巴地区。大部分流行区（56.4%）都有犬类感染病例，但没有人类病例报告：结论：无序的城市化和不稳定的生活条件有利于疾病的传播。环境的变化和迁徙过程助长了该疾病的蔓延。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.