Association of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio levels with the risk of cardiac adverse events in people with type 2 diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A large-scale prospective cohort study

Abstract

Background

The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), a promising inflammatory biomarker, contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the importance of PLR in predicting adverse events in people undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with T2D.

Methods

We consecutively enrolled 8831 people who underwent PCI and divided them into four groups according to PLR and glycemic metabolic status (PLR-Low/High without T2D, PLR-Low/High with T2D). The endpoints were major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and stent thrombosis. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine this association.

Results

During the 2.4-year follow-up, 663 (7.5%) MACCE and 75 (0.85%) stent thromboses were recorded. The risk of MACCE (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–1.53, P = 0.002) and stent thrombosis (HR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.38–3.90, P = 0.002) was significantly higher in people with high PLR levels than in those with low PLR. Among people with T2D, the PLR-High group showed a significantly higher risk of MACCE (HR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.21–2.09, P = 0.001) and stent thrombosis (HR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.32–7.52, P = 0.010). However, these associations were not significant in people without T2D.

Conclusions:

PLR has been originally documented as a significant predictor of poor prognosis and a high incidence of stent thrombosis in people undergoing PCI, especially in those with T2D.