Preservation of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Breast Milk: Impact of Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Infection.

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Breastfeeding Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-20 DOI:10.1089/bfm.2023.0323

Orapa Suteerojntrakool, Eakkarin Mekangkul, Duangporn Maitreechit, Siriporn Khabuan, Pimpayao Sodsai, Nattiya Hirankarn, Rungtip Thumbovorn, Sirinuch Chomtho

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate specific immunoglobulin A (sIgA), specific immunoglobulin G (sIgG), and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in breast milk and compare immunity in mothers with hybrid immunity (infection and vaccination) versus those solely vaccinated (coronavirus disease [COVID]-naïve). Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted among lactating mothers who received at least two doses of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine or tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Details of vaccination and infection were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Fifteen milliliters of breast milk samples, self-collected at 1, 3, and 6 months postvaccination or infection, were sent to analysis for sIgA, sIgG, and NAbs using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In total, 119 lactating mothers (202 milk samples) were enrolled; 82 participants had hybrid immunity, and 32 were COVID-19-naïve. Two-thirds received a combination of different vaccines and booster shots. Breast milk retained sIgA, sIgG, and NAbs for up to 6 months post-COVID vaccination or infection. At 3 months, mothers with hybrid immunity had significantly higher sIgA and NAbs compared with COVID-naïve mothers (geometric mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] of sIgA 2.72 [1.94-3.8] vs. 1.44 [0.83-2.48]; NAbs 86.83 [84.9-88.8] vs. 81.28 [76.02-86.9]). No differences in sIgA, sIgG, and NAbs were observed between lactating mothers receiving two, three, or more than or equal to three doses, regardless of hybrid immunity or COVID-naïve status. Conclusion: sIgA, sIgG, and NAbs against SARS-CoV-2 in breast milk sustained for up to 6 months postimmunization and infection. Higher immunity was found in mothers with hybrid immunity. These transferred immunities confirm in vitro protection, supporting the safety of breastfeeding during and after COVID-19 vaccination or infection.

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母乳中抗SARS-CoV-2中和抗体的保存：母体接种COVID-19疫苗和感染的影响

研究目的研究母乳中针对严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的特异性免疫球蛋白 A (sIgA)、特异性免疫球蛋白 G (sIgG)和中和抗体 (NAbs)，并比较混合免疫（感染和疫苗接种）母亲与单纯疫苗接种母亲（冠状病毒病 [COVID] 免疫）的免疫力。方法：对至少接种过两剂 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 疫苗或 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阳性的哺乳期母亲进行了一项纵向研究。通过问卷和访谈收集了接种疫苗和感染的详细情况。在接种疫苗或感染后 1、3 和 6 个月自行采集的 15 毫升母乳样本被送去使用酶联免疫吸附试验分析 sIgA、sIgG 和 NAbs。结果共有 119 名哺乳期母亲（202 份乳汁样本）参加了研究，其中 82 人具有混合免疫力，32 人对 COVID-19 一无所知。三分之二的人接种了不同的疫苗和加强针。接种或感染 COVID 后，母乳中的 sIgA、sIgG 和 NAbs 可保留长达 6 个月。3 个月时，混合免疫母亲的 sIgA 和 NAbs 明显高于未接种 COVID 的母亲（sIgA 几何平均数 [95% 置信区间 (CI)] 2.72 [1.94-3.8] vs. 1.44 [0.83-2.48]；NAbs 86.83 [84.9-88.8] vs. 81.28 [76.02-86.9]）。接受两剂、三剂或多于或等于三剂治疗的哺乳母亲，无论是否具有混合免疫力或 COVID-naïve，其 sIgA、sIgG 和 NAbs 均无差异。结论：母乳中针对 SARS-CoV-2 的 sIgA、sIgG 和 NAbs 在免疫和感染后可维持长达 6 个月。具有混合免疫力的母亲的免疫力更高。这些转移的免疫力证实了体外保护，支持在接种或感染 COVID-19 期间和之后进行母乳喂养的安全性。

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来源期刊

Breastfeeding Medicine OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY-PEDIATRICS

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

11.10%

发文量

130

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Breastfeeding Medicine provides unparalleled peer-reviewed research, protocols, and clinical applications to ensure optimal care for mother and infant. The Journal answers the growing demand for evidence-based research and explores the immediate and long-term outcomes of breastfeeding, including its epidemiologic, physiologic, and psychological benefits. It is the exclusive source of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine protocols. Breastfeeding Medicine coverage includes: Breastfeeding recommendations and protocols Health consequences of artificial feeding Physiology of lactation and biochemistry of breast milk Optimal nutrition for the breastfeeding mother Breastfeeding indications and contraindications Managing breastfeeding discomfort, pain, and other complications Breastfeeding the premature or sick infant Breastfeeding in the chronically ill mother Management of the breastfeeding mother on medication Infectious disease transmission through breast milk and breastfeeding The collection and storage of human milk and human milk banking Measuring the impact of being a “baby-friendly” hospital Cultural competence and cultural sensitivity International public health issues including social and economic issues.