Monitoring emotional intensity and variability to forecast depression recurrence in real time in remitted adults.

IF 4.5 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Journal of consulting and clinical psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI:10.1037/ccp0000871

Marieke J Schreuder, Evelien Schat, Arnout C Smit, Evelien Snippe, Eva Ceulemans

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Recurrent depressive episodes are preceded by changing mean levels of repeatedly assessed emotions (e.g., feeling restless), which can be detected in real time using statistical process control (SPC). This study investigated whether monitoring changes in the standard deviation (SD) of emotions and negative thinking improves the early detection of recurrent depression.

Method: Formerly depressed adults (N = 41) monitored their emotions five times a day for 4 consecutive months. During the study, 22 individuals experienced recurrent depression. We used SPC to detect warning signs (i.e., changing means and SDs) of four emotions (positive and negative affect with high or low arousal) and negative thinking.

Results: SD-based warning signs only preceded 23%-36% of recurrences, but almost never reflected a false alarm (0%-16%). Correspondingly, SD-based warnings had a high specificity (at the cost of sensitivity), while mean-based warnings had a higher sensitivity (but lower specificity). There was little overlap in mean- and SD-based warning signs. For the majority of emotions, monitoring for high SDs alongside monitoring changes in mean levels improved the detection of depression (p < .015) compared to when only monitoring for changing mean levels.

Conclusions: Warning signs for depression manifest not only in changing mean levels of emotions and cognitions but also in increasing SDs. These warnings could eventually be used to detect not just who is at increased risk for depression but also when risk is rising. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical utility of depression SPC. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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监测情绪强度和变异性，实时预测病情缓解的成年人抑郁症复发情况。

目的：复发性抑郁症发作前，反复评估的情绪（如坐立不安）的平均水平会发生变化，这可以通过统计过程控制（SPC）实时检测到。本研究探讨了监测情绪和负面思维的标准偏差（SD）变化是否能提高复发性抑郁症的早期发现率：方法：曾经患有抑郁症的成年人（41 人）连续 4 个月每天 5 次监测自己的情绪。在研究期间，有 22 人经历了复发性抑郁。我们使用 SPC 检测了四种情绪（高唤醒或低唤醒的积极和消极情绪）和消极思维的预警信号（即变化的平均值和标差）：结果：在 23%-36% 的复发案例中，基于 SD 值的预警信号仅出现在复发之前，但几乎从未出现过误报（0%-16%）。相应地，基于标化的警告具有较高的特异性（以牺牲灵敏度为代价），而基于平均值的警告具有较高的灵敏度（但特异性较低）。以平均值和标度为基础的预警信号几乎没有重叠。对于大多数情绪而言，在监测平均水平变化的同时监测高标度值可提高抑郁症的检测率（p < .015），而只监测平均水平变化则无法提高检测率：结论：抑郁症的预警信号不仅表现为情绪和认知的平均水平变化，还表现为自变量的增加。这些警告最终不仅可用于检测哪些人患抑郁症的风险增加，还可用于检测风险上升的时间。要评估抑郁症 SPC 的临床实用性，还需要进一步的研究。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of consulting and clinical psychology PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

9.00

自引率

3.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology® (JCCP) publishes original contributions on the following topics: the development, validity, and use of techniques of diagnosis and treatment of disordered behaviorstudies of a variety of populations that have clinical interest, including but not limited to medical patients, ethnic minorities, persons with serious mental illness, and community samplesstudies that have a cross-cultural or demographic focus and are of interest for treating behavior disordersstudies of personality and of its assessment and development where these have a clear bearing on problems of clinical dysfunction and treatmentstudies of gender, ethnicity, or sexual orientation that have a clear bearing on diagnosis, assessment, and treatmentstudies of psychosocial aspects of health behaviors. Studies that focus on populations that fall anywhere within the lifespan are considered. JCCP welcomes submissions on treatment and prevention in all areas of clinical and clinical–health psychology and especially on topics that appeal to a broad clinical–scientist and practitioner audience. JCCP encourages the submission of theory–based interventions, studies that investigate mechanisms of change, and studies of the effectiveness of treatments in real-world settings. JCCP recommends that authors of clinical trials pre-register their studies with an appropriate clinical trial registry (e.g., ClinicalTrials.gov, ClinicalTrialsRegister.eu) though both registered and unregistered trials will continue to be considered at this time.