Larissa Machado Tobias, Heather E. McFarlane, Gerd Bossinger, Antanas V. Spokevicius
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引用次数: 0
Key message
Cortical microtubule arrays are the primary mechanism for guiding the re-orientation of cellulose microfibrils and determining MFA in secondary cell wall of wood fibre and tracheid cells in reaction wood.
Abstract
Microtubules are directly and indirectly involved in guiding cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs) through the plasma membrane. The angle of cellulose deposition is a critical response to environmental signals and/or stress conditions, and particularly crucial during reaction wood formation, a process in which woody plants deposit additional cell wall material to counteract gravitational forces. Tubulin genes are upregulated in response to gravitational stimulus during reaction wood formation, which can result in changes to microtubule assembly. In this study, microtubules were visualised in three woody tree species (two angiosperms: Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Populus alba L., and one gymnosperm: Pinus radiata D. Don.) using immunofluorescence to quantitatively evaluate microtubule organisation during reaction wood formation. Our results suggest that reorientation of the cortical microtubule array affects secondary cell wall deposition, even across different types of reaction wood, by ensuring context-appropriate orientation of cellulose microfibrils and determining MFA in wood cells. Pharmacological studies conducted on in vitro cultured stem segments or in vivo during reaction wood formation corroborated these important roles for microtubules during wood development. This study starts to unveil the role of tubulins during wood formation by exploring cortical microtubule array organisation in trees subjected to gravitational stimulus and it sheds light on cellular and molecular mechanisms behind cellulose deposition in tree species.
摘要微管直接或间接参与引导纤维素合成酶复合物（CSC）穿过质膜。纤维素沉积的角度是对环境信号和/或胁迫条件的关键反应，在反应木形成过程中尤为关键，在这一过程中，木本植物会沉积额外的细胞壁材料以抵消重力。在反应木形成过程中，微管蛋白基因会因重力刺激而上调，从而导致微管组装发生变化。在这项研究中，对三个木本树种（两个被子植物，一个是桉树，另一个是桉树）的微管进行了观察：球桉树（Eucalyptus globulus Labill.）和白杨树（Populus alba L.），以及一种裸子植物（Pinus radiata D. Don：唐氏松属）的微管组织进行定量评估。我们的研究结果表明，皮层微管阵列的重新定向会影响次生细胞壁的沉积，即使在不同类型的反应木中也是如此，因为它能确保纤维素微纤维的定向与环境相适应，并决定木质部细胞中的 MFA。在体外培养的茎段或体内反应木形成过程中进行的药理学研究证实了微管在木材发育过程中的这些重要作用。本研究通过探索重力刺激下树木皮层微管阵列的组织，开始揭示微管蛋白在木材形成过程中的作用，并揭示了树种纤维素沉积背后的细胞和分子机制。
期刊介绍：
Trees - Structure and Function publishes original articles on the physiology, biochemistry, functional anatomy, structure and ecology of trees and other woody plants. Also presented are articles concerned with pathology and technological problems, when they contribute to the basic understanding of structure and function of trees. In addition to original articles and short communications, the journal publishes reviews on selected topics concerning the structure and function of trees.
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