1H-NMR revealed pyruvate as a differentially abundant metabolite in the venom glands of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera

IF 1.5 4区农林科学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI:10.1002/arch.22104

Xing Zheng, Yanjun Liu, Rongshen Wang, Mingyang Geng, Jinliang Liu, Zhenxing Liu, Yazhou Zhao

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Abstract

As a common defense mechanism in Hymenoptera, bee venom has complex components. Systematic and comprehensive analysis of bee venom components can aid in early evaluation, accurate diagnosis, and protection of organ function in humans in cases of bee stings. To determine the differences in bee venom composition and metabolic pathways between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) technology was used to detect the metabolites in venom samples. A total of 74 metabolites were identified and structurally analyzed in the venom of A. cerana and A. mellifera. Differences in the composition and abundance of major components of bee venom from A. cerana and A. mellifera were mapped to four main metabolic pathways: valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. These findings indicated that the synthesis and metabolic activities of proteins or polypeptides in bee venom glands were different between A. cerana and A. mellifera. Pyruvate was highly activated in 3 selected metabolic pathways in A. mellifera, being much more dominant in A. mellifera venom than in A. cerana venom. These findings indicated that pyruvate in bee venom glands is involved in various life activities, such as biosynthesis and energy metabolism, by acting as a precursor substance or intermediate product.

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1H-NMR 发现丙酮酸是蜂毒腺和蜜蜂毒腺中含量不同的代谢物

作为膜翅目昆虫的一种常见防御机制，蜂毒成分复杂。对蜂毒成分进行系统、全面的分析，有助于对蜂蜇伤人体后的早期评估、准确诊断和保护人体器官功能。为了确定蜂毒成分和代谢途径在蜂类中的差异，研究人员采用质子核磁共振（1H-NMR）技术检测蜂毒样本中的代谢物。共鉴定和分析了两种蜂毒液中的 74 种代谢物。结果表明，蜂毒中主要成分的组成和丰度差异可归结为四个主要代谢途径：缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成；甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸的代谢；丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸的代谢；以及三羧酸循环。这些研究结果表明，蜂毒腺中蛋白质或多肽的合成和代谢活动在 A. cerana 和 A. mellifera 之间存在差异。在蜜蜂毒液中，丙酮酸在 3 个选定的代谢途径中被高度激活，而且在蜜蜂毒液中比在 cerana 毒液中更占优势。这些研究结果表明，丙酮酸在蜜蜂毒腺中作为前体物质或中间产物，参与了生物合成和能量代谢等多种生命活动。

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来源期刊

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

4.50%

发文量

115

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology is an international journal that publishes articles in English that are of interest to insect biochemists and physiologists. Generally these articles will be in, or related to, one of the following subject areas: Behavior, Bioinformatics, Carbohydrates, Cell Line Development, Cell Signalling, Development, Drug Discovery, Endocrinology, Enzymes, Lipids, Molecular Biology, Neurobiology, Nucleic Acids, Nutrition, Peptides, Pharmacology, Pollinators, Proteins, Toxicology. Archives will publish only original articles. Articles that are confirmatory in nature or deal with analytical methods previously described will not be accepted.