A hitchhiker’s guide: estimates of microbial biomass and microbial gene abundance in soil

IF 5.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE
Rainer Georg Joergensen, Michael Hemkemeyer, Lukas Beule, Janyl Iskakova, Zhyldyz Oskonbaeva, Pauline Sophie Rummel, Sanja Annabell Schwalb, Florian Wichern
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Abstract

Information on microbial biomass carbon (MBC) is crucial to assess their stocks and role for plant nutrient release in soil. Next to fumigation-extraction, molecular methods are routinely used to estimate the contribution of fungi, bacteria, and archaea to the soil microbial community. However, more information on the links between these different indices would deepen the understanding of microbial processes. The current study is based on 11 datasets, which contain MBC and MBN data obtained by fumigation-extraction and information on bacterial, archaeal, and fungal gene abundance, totalling 765 data points from agricultural, forest, and rangeland soils. Some of these datasets additionally provide information on double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) and fungal ergosterol. MBC varied around the median of 206 µg g−1 soil. MBN followed with a median MB-C/N ratio of 4.1. Median microbial gene abundance declined from bacteria (96 × 108) to archaea (4.4 × 108) to fungi (1.8 × 108). The median ratio of MBC/dsDNA was 15.8 and that of bacteria/dsDNA was 5.8 × 108 µg−1. The relationships between MBC and dsDNA as well as between bacterial gene abundance and dsDNA were both negatively affected by soil pH and positively by clay content. The median ergosterol/MBC and fungi/ergosterol ratios were 0.20% and 4.7 (n × 108 µg−1), respectively. The relationship between fungal gene abundance and ergosterol was negatively affected by soil pH and clay content. Our study suggests that combining fumigation-extraction with molecular tools allows more precise insights on the physiological interactions of soil microorganisms with their surrounding environment.

Abstract Image

搭便车指南:土壤中微生物生物量和微生物基因丰度的估计值
有关微生物生物量碳(MBC)的信息对于评估其在土壤中的存量及其对植物养分释放的作用至关重要。除了熏蒸萃取法,分子方法也被常规用于估算真菌、细菌和古细菌对土壤微生物群落的贡献。然而,有关这些不同指数之间联系的更多信息将加深对微生物过程的了解。目前的研究基于 11 个数据集,其中包括通过熏蒸提取获得的 MBC 和 MBN 数据,以及细菌、古菌和真菌基因丰度信息,共计 765 个数据点,这些数据来自农业、森林和牧场土壤。其中一些数据集还提供了双链脱氧核糖核酸(dsDNA)和真菌麦角固醇的信息。多溴联苯(MBC)在 206 微克/克-1 土壤的中位数附近变化。其次是 MBN,中位数 MB-C/N 比率为 4.1。微生物基因丰度中位数从细菌(96 × 108)下降到古细菌(4.4 × 108)再到真菌(1.8 × 108)。MBC/dsDNA 的中位比率为 15.8,细菌/dsDNA 的中位比率为 5.8 × 108 µg-1。MBC 与 dsDNA 之间以及细菌基因丰度与 dsDNA 之间的关系均受土壤 pH 值的负面影响和粘土含量的正面影响。麦角甾醇/MBC 和真菌/麦角甾醇比率的中位数分别为 0.20% 和 4.7(n × 108 µg-1)。真菌基因丰度与麦角固醇之间的关系受土壤 pH 值和粘土含量的负面影响。我们的研究表明,将熏蒸萃取与分子工具相结合,可以更精确地了解土壤微生物与其周围环境的生理相互作用。
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来源期刊
Biology and Fertility of Soils
Biology and Fertility of Soils 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
10.80%
发文量
62
审稿时长
2.2 months
期刊介绍: Biology and Fertility of Soils publishes in English original papers, reviews and short communications on all fundamental and applied aspects of biology – microflora and microfauna - and fertility of soils. It offers a forum for research aimed at broadening the understanding of biological functions, processes and interactions in soils, particularly concerning the increasing demands of agriculture, deforestation and industrialization. The journal includes articles on techniques and methods that evaluate processes, biogeochemical interactions and ecological stresses, and sometimes presents special issues on relevant topics.
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