The effect of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation on the balance and neurophysiological characteristics of young healthy adults.

IF 3.4 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Wearable technologies Pub Date : 2024-02-08 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1017/wtc.2023.24
Isirame Omofuma, Robert Carrera, Jayson King-Ori, Sunil K Agrawal
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (TSCS) is gaining popularity as a noninvasive alternative to epidural stimulation. However, there is still much to learn about its effects and utility in assisting recovery of motor control. In this study, we applied TSCS to healthy subjects concurrently performing a functional training task to study its effects during a training intervention. We first carried out neurophysiological tests to characterize the H-reflex, H-reflex recovery, and posterior root muscle reflex thresholds, and then conducted balance tests, first without TSCS and then with TSCS. Balance tests included trunk perturbations in forward, backward, left, and right directions, and subjects' balance was characterized by their response to force perturbations. A balance training task involved the subjects playing a catch-and-throw game in virtual reality (VR) while receiving trunk perturbations and TSCS. Balance tests with and without TSCS were conducted after the VR training to measure subjects' post-training balance characteristics and then neurophysiological tests were carried out again. Statistical comparisons using t-tests between the balance and neurophysiological data collected before and after the VR training intervention found that the immediate effect of TSCS was to increase muscle activity during forward perturbations and to reduce balance performance in that direction. Muscle activity decreased after training and even more once TSCS was turned off. We thus observed an interaction of effects where TSCS increased muscle activity while the physical training decreased it.

经皮脊髓刺激对年轻健康成年人的平衡和神经生理特征的影响。
经皮脊髓刺激(TSCS)作为硬膜外刺激的非侵入性替代疗法,越来越受到人们的欢迎。然而,关于经皮脊髓刺激在帮助恢复运动控制方面的效果和作用,我们还有很多需要了解的地方。在本研究中,我们将 TSCS 应用于同时进行功能训练任务的健康受试者,以研究其在训练干预期间的效果。我们首先进行了神经生理学测试,以确定 H 反射、H 反射恢复和后根肌肉反射阈值的特征,然后进行了平衡测试,首先是在不使用 TSCS 的情况下,然后是在使用 TSCS 的情况下。平衡测试包括向前、向后、向左和向右方向的躯干扰动,受试者对力扰动的反应表征了他们的平衡能力。平衡训练任务包括受试者在虚拟现实(VR)中玩接球投球游戏,同时接受躯干扰动和 TSCS。VR 训练结束后,受试者分别进行了有 TSCS 和无 TSCS 的平衡测试,以测量受试者训练后的平衡特性,然后再次进行神经电生理测试。使用 t 检验对 VR 训练干预前后收集的平衡和神经生理学数据进行统计比较后发现,TSCS 的直接效果是增加向前扰动时的肌肉活动,并降低该方向的平衡性能。肌肉活动在训练后会减少,一旦关闭 TSCS,减少的幅度更大。因此,我们观察到了一种相互作用的效应,即 TSCS 增加了肌肉活动,而物理训练则减少了肌肉活动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
11 weeks
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