Experimental warming has limited impacts on post-fire succession across a burn severity gradient

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Vegetation Science Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI:10.1111/jvs.13248

Ethan M. Taber, Rachel M. Mitchell

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Questions

Anthropogenic climate change is causing increases in the severity of wildland fire in many parts of the world. At the same time, post-fire succession is occurring under new, warmer temperatures that are projected to continue increasing. Despite this, the combined effects of uncharacteristically high burn severity and increased ambient temperature on post-fire community composition remain poorly understood. We ask how post-fire forest understorey community composition and species richness are influenced by (1) burn severity, (2) experimental warming, and (3) years since fire.

Location

Museum Fire Scar, Pinus ponderosa forest, Arizona, United States.

Methods

We established 120 1-m² quadrats in unburned, low- and high-severity locations nine months after a mixed-severity fire. Half of the plots were subject to experimental warming via open-top warming chambers that elevated daytime temperatures by 1.079°C, simulating near-term anthropogenic warming. Plant composition data were collected annually for three years. Relationships between community composition, burn severity, and experimental warming were analyzed using repeated-measures PERMANOVA and linear mixed-effects models.

Results

Composition differed significantly according to burn severity, time since fire, and their interaction, while experimental warming did not significantly influence composition. Species richness significantly increased in burned areas compared to unburned control within two years of fire.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that near-term temperature increases, driven by anthropogenic climate change, will have little effect on community composition relative to fire severity. High-severity fire drove large, rapid changes in plant composition compared to unburned controls, favoring exotic annuals in a historically perennial-dominated plant community.

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实验性升温对整个燃烧严重程度梯度的火后演替影响有限

问题人类活动引起的气候变化正在导致世界许多地区野外火灾的严重程度增加。与此同时，火灾后的演替是在新的、更高的温度下进行的，而且预计温度还会继续升高。尽管如此，人们对异常严重的火灾和环境温度升高对火后群落组成的综合影响仍然知之甚少。我们探讨了火灾后森林林下群落组成和物种丰富度如何受到以下因素的影响：（1）火灾严重程度；（2）实验性升温；（3）火灾发生后的年份。地点美国亚利桑那州松柏林博物馆火灾疤痕。方法我们在混合严重程度火灾发生九个月后，在未烧毁、低严重程度和高严重程度的地点建立了 120 个 1 平方米的四分小区。其中一半的地块通过开顶暖箱进行实验性升温，使白天温度升高 1.079°C，模拟近期人为变暖。在三年时间里，每年都收集植物组成数据。采用重复测量 PERMANOVA 和线性混合效应模型分析了群落组成、灼烧严重程度和实验升温之间的关系。结果不同的燃烧严重程度、火灾后的时间以及它们之间的交互作用对群落组成的影响很大，而实验性升温对群落组成的影响不大。与火灾后两年内未燃烧的对照区相比，燃烧区域的物种丰富度明显增加。结论我们的研究结果表明，相对于火灾的严重程度，人为气候变化导致的近期气温升高对群落组成的影响很小。与未燃烧的对照组相比，高火力火灾导致植物组成发生了巨大而迅速的变化，在一个历史上以多年生植物为主的植物群落中，外来的一年生植物受到了青睐。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vegetation Science 环境科学-林学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Vegetation Science publishes papers on all aspects of plant community ecology, with particular emphasis on papers that develop new concepts or methods, test theory, identify general patterns, or that are otherwise likely to interest a broad international readership. Papers may focus on any aspect of vegetation science, e.g. community structure (including community assembly and plant functional types), biodiversity (including species richness and composition), spatial patterns (including plant geography and landscape ecology), temporal changes (including demography, community dynamics and palaeoecology) and processes (including ecophysiology), provided the focus is on increasing our understanding of plant communities. The Journal publishes papers on the ecology of a single species only if it plays a key role in structuring plant communities. Papers that apply ecological concepts, theories and methods to the vegetation management, conservation and restoration, and papers on vegetation survey should be directed to our associate journal, Applied Vegetation Science journal.