{"title":"Serpentine environment prevails over geographic distribution in shaping the genetic diversity of Medicago lupulina L.","authors":"Anesa Ahatović Hajro, Mujo Hasanović, Senad Murtić, Abdurahim Kalajdžić, Naris Pojskić, Adaleta Durmić-Pašić","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02124-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Edaphic conditions of serpentine soils, naturally rich in heavy metals, act as a strong selection pressure that shapes specific metal-tolerant ecotypes. Medicago lupulina L. (black medick) is not only a widespread plant species that prefers calcareous and dry soil types but also grows at the borders of serpentine formations. It can also be found in waste and disturbed habitats. This is a species with reported phytoremediation potential, however, there is no published data regarding the impact of the environment on the genetic distribution of this species. The aim of our research was to explore how selection pressure of serpentine soils affects genetic diversity of M. lupulina and to test heavy-metal accumulation capacity of this species. Specimens of 11 M. lupulina populations were collected from serpentine outcrops located in Central and Eastern Bosnia as well as from non-serpentine sites. Soil and plant samples were analyzed for the total contents of heavy metals using air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Genetic diversity was analyzed using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) markers. Serpentine soils showed high nickel, cobalt, chromium and iron concentrations. Nickel and manganese concentrations in soil samples and plant material showed statistically significant correlation. Although plants in two populations show the ability to extract Ni, M. lupulina does not show hyperaccumulating properties. Despite severe selective pressure, genetic diversity in serpentine populations is not reduced. Analyses of intrapopulation and interpopulation genetic diversity showed significant genetic differentiation among populations which is not related to their geographic distance. Population from non-metalliferous soil showed clear separation from all other populations. Diversity data suggest that serpentine populations maintain genetic diversity by undetected mechanisms and that edaphic factors rather than geography influence genetic structure analyzed M. lupulina populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02124-7","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Edaphic conditions of serpentine soils, naturally rich in heavy metals, act as a strong selection pressure that shapes specific metal-tolerant ecotypes. Medicago lupulina L. (black medick) is not only a widespread plant species that prefers calcareous and dry soil types but also grows at the borders of serpentine formations. It can also be found in waste and disturbed habitats. This is a species with reported phytoremediation potential, however, there is no published data regarding the impact of the environment on the genetic distribution of this species. The aim of our research was to explore how selection pressure of serpentine soils affects genetic diversity of M. lupulina and to test heavy-metal accumulation capacity of this species. Specimens of 11 M. lupulina populations were collected from serpentine outcrops located in Central and Eastern Bosnia as well as from non-serpentine sites. Soil and plant samples were analyzed for the total contents of heavy metals using air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Genetic diversity was analyzed using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) markers. Serpentine soils showed high nickel, cobalt, chromium and iron concentrations. Nickel and manganese concentrations in soil samples and plant material showed statistically significant correlation. Although plants in two populations show the ability to extract Ni, M. lupulina does not show hyperaccumulating properties. Despite severe selective pressure, genetic diversity in serpentine populations is not reduced. Analyses of intrapopulation and interpopulation genetic diversity showed significant genetic differentiation among populations which is not related to their geographic distance. Population from non-metalliferous soil showed clear separation from all other populations. Diversity data suggest that serpentine populations maintain genetic diversity by undetected mechanisms and that edaphic factors rather than geography influence genetic structure analyzed M. lupulina populations.
期刊介绍：
Molecular Genetics and Genomics (MGG) publishes peer-reviewed articles covering all areas of genetics and genomics. Any approach to the study of genes and genomes is considered, be it experimental, theoretical or synthetic. MGG publishes research on all organisms that is of broad interest to those working in the fields of genetics, genomics, biology, medicine and biotechnology.
The journal investigates a broad range of topics, including these from recent issues: mechanisms for extending longevity in a variety of organisms; screening of yeast metal homeostasis genes involved in mitochondrial functions; molecular mapping of cultivar-specific avirulence genes in the rice blast fungus and more.
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