The Mediating Role of Family Functions Between Pregnancy-Related Anxiety and Sleep Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study

IF 3 2区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Nature and Science of Sleep Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI:10.2147/nss.s443612

Jiashu Zhu, Ye Li, Rui Wang, Jinfang Zhang, Can Liu, Hongyu Li, Deguang Yang, Shuqin Ma, Suzhen Guan

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Abstract

Objective: To examine the relationship between pregnancy-related anxiety, family functions, and sleep quality, and to determine whether family functions mediate the relationship between pregnancy-related anxiety and sleep quality.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on pregnant women between April to August in 2022 in the obstetrics outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China. A total of 1014 pregnant women aged 18 years and older were surveyed. They completed questionnaires, including: general demographic characteristics, the Pregnancy-related anxiety scale (PAQ), the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve (APGAR), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI). Model 4 in PROCESS was used to analyze the relationships among pregnancy-related anxiety, family functions, and sleep quality, with family functions as a mediator.
Results: Among the 1014 pregnant women, the pregnancy-related anxiety scale score was (21.84 ± 5.64). The total score of the family functions scale was (8.10± 2.26), and the overall sleep quality scale score was (7.89± 2.99). When participants were grouped according to different socio-demographic characteristics, the study showed that all variables differed from anxiety, family functions or sleep quality, except for age, pre-pregnancy BMI and whether or not they had a first birth, which was not associated with anxiety, family functions, or sleep quality (P< 0.05). The pregnancy-related anxiety was positively associated with sleep quality (P< 0.01), while family functions were negatively associated with sleep quality (P< 0.01). In addition, family functions mediate the relationship between pregnancy-related anxiety and sleep quality during pregnancy, on the first and second trimesters, intermediation rate is 9.31% (P< 0.05), and on the third trimesters, intermediation rate is 21.38% (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Pregnancy- related anxiety is a risk factor for sleep quality, however, family functions are protective factors for sleep quality. Family functions play an intermediary role in sleep quality caused by pregnancy-related anxiety, especially on the third trimesters. This finding may provide a scientific basis for developing intervention strategies to improve the sleep quality of pregnant women.

Keywords: pregnancy-related anxiety, family functions, sleep quality, mediation effect

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家庭功能在妊娠焦虑和睡眠质量之间的中介作用：一项横断面研究

摘要研究妊娠相关焦虑、家庭功能和睡眠质量之间的关系，并确定家庭功能是否对妊娠相关焦虑和睡眠质量之间的关系起中介作用：方法：于 2022 年 4 月至 8 月在宁夏回族自治区某三级甲等医院产科门诊对孕妇进行横断面调查。共调查了 1014 名 18 岁及以上的孕妇。她们填写的问卷包括：一般人口学特征、妊娠相关焦虑量表（PAQ）、家庭适应、伙伴关系、成长、亲情和决心（APGAR）以及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数问卷（PSQI）。使用 PROCESS 中的模型 4 分析与妊娠有关的焦虑、家庭功能和睡眠质量之间的关系，并以家庭功能作为中介：在 1014 名孕妇中，妊娠相关焦虑量表得分（21.84 ± 5.64）。家庭功能量表总分为（8.10± 2.26）分，睡眠质量量表总分为（7.89± 2.99）分。根据不同的社会人口学特征对参与者进行分组，研究显示，除了年龄、孕前体重指数和是否第一胎与焦虑、家庭功能或睡眠质量无关（P< 0.05）外，其他变量均与焦虑、家庭功能或睡眠质量有关。与妊娠有关的焦虑与睡眠质量呈正相关（P< 0.01），而家庭功能与睡眠质量呈负相关（P< 0.01）。此外，家庭功能对孕期焦虑与睡眠质量之间的关系起着中介作用，在妊娠头三个月和妊娠后三个月，中介率为 9.31% (P< 0.05)，在妊娠后三个月，中介率为 21.38% (P<0.05)：与妊娠有关的焦虑是影响睡眠质量的危险因素，而家庭功能则是睡眠质量的保护因素。家庭功能在与妊娠有关的焦虑所导致的睡眠质量中起着中介作用，尤其是在妊娠三个月时。这一发现可为制定改善孕妇睡眠质量的干预策略提供科学依据。关键词：与妊娠有关的焦虑；家庭功能；睡眠质量；中介效应

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来源期刊

Nature and Science of Sleep Neuroscience-Behavioral Neuroscience

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

5.90%

发文量

245

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Nature and Science of Sleep is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal covering all aspects of sleep science and sleep medicine, including the neurophysiology and functions of sleep, the genetics of sleep, sleep and society, biological rhythms, dreaming, sleep disorders and therapy, and strategies to optimize healthy sleep. Specific topics covered in the journal include: The functions of sleep in humans and other animals Physiological and neurophysiological changes with sleep The genetics of sleep and sleep differences The neurotransmitters, receptors and pathways involved in controlling both sleep and wakefulness Behavioral and pharmacological interventions aimed at improving sleep, and improving wakefulness Sleep changes with development and with age Sleep and reproduction (e.g., changes across the menstrual cycle, with pregnancy and menopause) The science and nature of dreams Sleep disorders Impact of sleep and sleep disorders on health, daytime function and quality of life Sleep problems secondary to clinical disorders Interaction of society with sleep (e.g., consequences of shift work, occupational health, public health) The microbiome and sleep Chronotherapy Impact of circadian rhythms on sleep, physiology, cognition and health Mechanisms controlling circadian rhythms, centrally and peripherally Impact of circadian rhythm disruptions (including night shift work, jet lag and social jet lag) on sleep, physiology, cognition and health Behavioral and pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing adverse effects of circadian-related sleep disruption Assessment of technologies and biomarkers for measuring sleep and/or circadian rhythms Epigenetic markers of sleep or circadian disruption.

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