Longitudinal association of oral functions and dementia in Japanese older adults.

IF 3.8 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-56628-8

Komei Iwai, Tetsuji Azuma, Takatoshi Yonenaga, Yasuyuki Sasai, Taketsugu Nomura, Iwane Sugiura, Yujo Inagawa, Yusuke Matsumoto, Seiji Nakashima, Yoshikazu Abe, Takaaki Tomofuji

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Abstract

The relationship between oral functions and dementia was examined in 7384 older adults (age ≥ 75 years) who visited a dental clinic in Gifu, Japan. Participants without dementia in a baseline survey in April 2018 were followed until March 2021. As oral functions, chewing function, tongue and lip function, and swallowing function were assessed by self-administered questionnaire, by oral diadochokinesis test, and by repetitive saliva swallowing test, respectively. The presence of systemic diseases was based on data obtained from the National Database of Health Insurance of Japan. At follow-up, 415 (6%) participants were diagnosed with dementia. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed the presence of dementia at follow-up was associated with female (odds ratio [OR] 1.386; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.117-1.719), age (OR 1.078; CI 1.056-1.101), regular dental checkups (absence; OR 1.452; CI 1.180-1.788), brushing frequency ≥ twice/day (absence; OR 1.510; CI 1.194-1.911), decayed teeth (presence; OR 1.328; CI 1.071-1.648), swallowing function (poor; OR 1.484; CI 1.135-1.939) at baseline. It was found that poor swallowing function was associated with the future onset of dementia.

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日本老年人口腔功能与痴呆症的纵向联系。

研究人员对在日本岐阜县一家牙科诊所就诊的 7384 名老年人（年龄≥ 75 岁）进行了口腔功能与痴呆症之间关系的调查。对 2018 年 4 月基线调查中没有痴呆症的参与者进行了随访，直至 2021 年 3 月。作为口腔功能，咀嚼功能、舌唇功能和吞咽功能分别通过自制问卷、口腔舒张试验和重复唾液吞咽试验进行评估。是否患有系统性疾病则根据从日本全国健康保险数据库中获得的数据进行评估。在随访过程中，有 415 人（6%）被诊断患有痴呆症。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，随访时是否患有痴呆症与女性（几率比 [OR] 1.386；95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.117-1.719）、年龄（OR 1.078；CI 1.056-1.101）、定期牙科检查（缺席；OR 1.452；CI 1.180-1.788）、刷牙频率≥两次/天（缺失；OR 1.510；CI 1.194-1.911）、基线时有蛀牙（存在；OR 1.328；CI 1.071-1.648）、吞咽功能（差；OR 1.484；CI 1.135-1.939）。研究发现，吞咽功能差与未来痴呆症的发病有关。

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来源期刊

Scientific Reports Natural Science Disciplines-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

4.30%

发文量

19567

审稿时长

3.9 months

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