Extraction of gallium from carbon concentrate - Aluminum industry waste

IF 4.8 2区 材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
Vladimir Losev , Olga Buyko , Alexander Shimanskii , Yakov Kazantsev , Sergey Metelitsa , Elena Borodina , Mingming Li
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Abstract

A complex approach to the extraction of gallium from a carbon concentrate (CC), a waste product of the aluminum industry, was considered. Ashing of CC made it possible to remove the main component - carbon and obtain ash, which is an oxide mineral-like compound, from which gallium was leached with solutions of inorganic acids and their mixtures. The maximum degree of leaching (98%) of gallium was achieved with 6 M HCl for ash after ashing the CC at 600 °C. It was shown that Purolite anion exchangers with highly basic tertiary and quaternary ammonium base groups recovered gallium(III) from 2 to 10 M HCl, where the sorption equilibrium was attained after 60 min. The maximum extraction was observed from 6 M HCl. Under optimal conditions, the maximum sorption capacities for gallium(III) were achieved for Purolite A300 (2.7 mmol g−1) and Purolite A500 (2.2 mmol g−1) sorbents. Gallium(III) was quantitatively (99%) eluted from the sorbents with distilled water. Sorption of gallium(III) and its subsequent desorption with water made it possible to separate it from the predominant amounts of transition metal ions: Fe(III), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), V(V) and other cations: Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+. The addition of sodium hydroxide to the concentration of 200 g L−1 resulted in the cementation of gallium on aluminum gallama (liquid gallium‑aluminum alloy).

从碳精矿中提取镓 - 铝工业废料
从铝工业的废料碳精矿(CC)中提取镓的复杂方法被考虑在内。对碳精矿进行灰化处理可以去除主要成分--碳,得到灰烬,灰烬是一种类似氧化物的矿物化合物,用无机酸及其混合物溶液从灰烬中浸出镓。在 600 °C 灰化 CC 后,用 6 M HCl 灰化,镓的浸出率最高(98%)。研究表明,具有高碱性叔铵和季铵碱基的 Purolite 阴离子交换器可在 2 至 10 M HCl 的范围内回收镓(III),60 分钟后达到吸附平衡。6 M HCl 的萃取率最高。在最佳条件下,Purolite A300(2.7 mmol g-1)和 Purolite A500(2.2 mmol g-1)吸附剂对镓(III)的吸附容量最大。用蒸馏水从吸附剂中定量洗脱了镓(III)(99%)。镓(III)的吸附和随后的水解吸使其与主要的过渡金属离子分离成为可能:Fe(III)、Ni(II)、Co(II)、Zn(II)、V(V) 以及其他阳离子:Al3+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+ 和 K+。加入浓度为 200 g L-1 的氢氧化钠后,铝镓(液态镓铝合金)上的镓发生了胶结。
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来源期刊
Hydrometallurgy
Hydrometallurgy 工程技术-冶金工程
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
6.40%
发文量
144
审稿时长
3.4 months
期刊介绍: Hydrometallurgy aims to compile studies on novel processes, process design, chemistry, modelling, control, economics and interfaces between unit operations, and to provide a forum for discussions on case histories and operational difficulties. Topics covered include: leaching of metal values by chemical reagents or bacterial action at ambient or elevated pressures and temperatures; separation of solids from leach liquors; removal of impurities and recovery of metal values by precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, gaseous reduction, cementation, electro-winning and electro-refining; pre-treatment of ores by roasting or chemical treatments such as halogenation or reduction; recycling of reagents and treatment of effluents.
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