Public Harassment of Runners in the United States: Differences by Gender and Sexual Orientation

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Psychology of Women Quarterly Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI:10.1177/03616843241235107

Cassandra N. Davis, Kayla A. Huber, Patricia A. Frazier

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Abstract

We investigated runners’ experiences of public harassment and the association between gender and sexual orientation and harassment. We hypothesized that cisgender women and LGBQ+ individuals would report more harassment, fear of harassment, and behavioral changes than cisgender men and straight individuals. Adult United States runners ( N = 1,645, primarily cisgender women) completed an online survey assessing lifetime and past-year experiences of harassment, fear, behavioral changes, and harassment attributions. Most participants (84.2%) reported at least one form of harassment while running ( M = 3.55 types). Gender interacted with sexual orientation such that sexual minority cisgender women reported significantly more lifetime and past-year harassment than straight cisgender women ( gs = 0.44–0.45). For fear and behavioral changes, only gender was significant, with cisgender women reporting more fear and behavioral changes than cisgender men ( gs = 0.99–1.06). Cisgender women also were more likely than cisgender men to attribute the harassment to gender (ϕ = .70). LGBQ+ individuals reported significantly more attributions to sexual orientation (ϕ = .16) than straight individuals but not more fear or behavioral changes. This study, the largest investigation of harassment among runners, highlights the need for prevention campaigns to make public spaces safer for all runners.

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美国公众对跑步者的骚扰：性别和性取向的差异

我们调查了跑步者在公共场合受到骚扰的经历，以及性别和性取向与骚扰之间的关系。我们假设，与顺性别男性和异性恋者相比，顺性别女性和 LGBQ+ 会报告更多的骚扰、对骚扰的恐惧和行为变化。美国成年跑步者（N = 1,645，主要为顺性女性）完成了一项在线调查，评估其一生和过去一年中遭受骚扰、恐惧、行为变化和骚扰归因的经历。大多数参与者（84.2%）表示在跑步时至少受到过一种形式的骚扰（M = 3.55 种）。性别与性取向相互影响，因此，性取向少数的双性恋女性报告的终生骚扰和过去一年的骚扰明显多于直系双性恋女性（gs = 0.44-0.45）。在恐惧和行为变化方面，只有性别具有显著性，双性恋女性比双性恋男性报告了更多的恐惧和行为变化（gs = 0.99-1.06）。性别相同的女性也比性别相同的男性更有可能将骚扰归因于性别（j = .70）。男女同性恋、双性恋、变性者和跨性别者（LGBQ+）比异性恋者更倾向于将骚扰归因于性取向（j = .16），但并没有更多的恐惧或行为变化。这项研究是对跑步者中骚扰行为的最大规模调查，它强调了开展预防运动的必要性，以使公共场所对所有跑步者更加安全。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychology of Women Quarterly Multiple-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

5.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Psychology of Women Quarterly (PWQ) is a feminist, scientific, peer-reviewed journal that publishes empirical research, critical reviews and theoretical articles that advance a field of inquiry, teaching briefs, and invited book reviews related to the psychology of women and gender. Topics include (but are not limited to) feminist approaches, methodologies, and critiques; violence against women; body image and objectification; sexism, stereotyping, and discrimination; intersectionality of gender with other social locations (such as age, ability status, class, ethnicity, race, and sexual orientation); international concerns; lifespan development and change; physical and mental well being; therapeutic interventions; sexuality; social activism; and career development. This journal will be of interest to clinicians, faculty, and researchers in all psychology disciplines, as well as those interested in the sociology of gender, women’s studies, interpersonal violence, ethnic and multicultural studies, social advocates, policy makers, and teacher education.