Personality assessment inventory (PAI) in forensic and correctional settings: A comprehensive review

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q3 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Mauro Paulino , John F. Edens , Mariana Moniz , Octávio Moura , Daniel Rijo , Mário R. Simões
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

As Forensic Psychology continues to expand as an independent field, professionals regularly resort to psychological assessment tools to assess people involved within the justice system. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) is a 344-item, self-report inventory that aims to provide meaningful information for diagnosis and clinical decision-making, specifically relating to psychopathology, personality, and psychosocial environment. Its applicability in forensic settings has been increasingly recognized on account of its benefits in comparison to other self-report inventories (e.g., MMPI-2, MCMI-III), since it includes scales that are relevant to forensic settings (e.g., violence risk levels, psychopathy, substance abuse), and the existence of profile distortion indicators is useful when dealing with highly defensive and/or malingering populations. The goal of this paper is to conduct a thorough review of the PAI's utility in forensic settings, by focusing on the relevant forensic constructs assessed by the PAI (e.g., personality disorders, psychosis, substance abuse, aggression, recidivism risk, and response distortion), as well as its application to offender and inmate populations, intimate partner violence contexts, family law cases, and forensic professionals. Overall, the PAI continues to gather international recognition and its relevance and usefulness in forensic settings is generally accepted and acknowledged.

法医和教养机构中的人格评估清单(PAI):全面回顾
随着法证心理学作为一个独立领域的不断扩展,专业人员经常借助心理评估工具来评估司法系统中的涉案人员。人格评估量表(PAI)是一份包含 344 个项目的自我报告量表,旨在为诊断和临床决策提供有意义的信息,特别是与精神病理学、人格和社会心理环境有关的信息。与其他自我报告量表(如 MMPI-2、MCMI-III)相比,该量表的优点在于它包含了与法医环境相关的量表(如暴力风险水平、精神病态、药物滥用),而且在处理高度防卫和/或装疯卖傻的人群时,其存在的剖面变形指标非常有用,因此它在法医环境中的适用性日益得到认可。本文旨在对 PAI 在法医环境中的实用性进行全面回顾,重点关注 PAI 评估的相关法医结构(如人格障碍、精神病、药物滥用、攻击性、累犯风险和反应失真),以及 PAI 在罪犯和囚犯群体、亲密伴侣暴力环境、家庭法案件和法医专业人员中的应用。总体而言,PAI 不断获得国际认可,其在法医环境中的相关性和实用性得到普遍接受和认可。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
106
审稿时长
57 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine publishes topical articles on aspects of forensic and legal medicine. Specifically the Journal supports research that explores the medical principles of care and forensic assessment of individuals, whether adult or child, in contact with the judicial system. It is a fully peer-review hybrid journal with a broad international perspective. The Journal accepts submissions of original research, review articles, and pertinent case studies, editorials, and commentaries in relevant areas of Forensic and Legal Medicine, Context of Practice, and Education and Training. The Journal adheres to strict publication ethical guidelines, and actively supports a culture of inclusive and representative publication.
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