Laura Stops, Daniel Siebe, Alexander Stary, Johannes Hamacher, Valeryia Sidarava, Sebastian Rehfeldt, Harald Klein
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hydrogen-driven heavy-duty trucks are a promising technology for reducing emissions in the transportation sector. Thus, storing hydrogen efficiently onboard is vital. The three available or currently developed physical hydrogen storage technologies (compressed gaseous, subcooled liquid, and cryo-compressed hydrogen) are promising solutions. For a profound thermodynamic comparison of these storage systems, a universally applicable model is required. Thus, this article introduces a generalized thermodynamic model and conducts thermodynamic comparisons in terms of typical drive cycle scenarios. Therefore, a model introduced by Hamacher et al. [1] for cryo-compressed hydrogen tanks is generalized by means of an explicit model formulation using the property from REFPROP [2], which is understood as a generic specific isochoric two-phase heat capacity. Due to an implemented decision logic, minor changes to the equation system are automatically made whenever the operation mode or phase of the tank changes. The resulting model can simulate all three storage tank systems in all operating scenarios and conditions in the single- and two-phase region. Additionally, the explicit model formulation provides deeper insights into the thermodynamic processes in the tank. The model is applied to the three physical hydrogen storage technologies to compare drive cycles, heat requirement, dormancy behavior, and optimal usable density. The highest driving ranges were achieved with cryo-compressed hydrogen, however, it also comes with higher heating requirements compared to subcooled liquid hydrogen.
期刊介绍:
Cryogenics is the world''s leading journal focusing on all aspects of cryoengineering and cryogenics. Papers published in Cryogenics cover a wide variety of subjects in low temperature engineering and research. Among the areas covered are:
- Applications of superconductivity: magnets, electronics, devices
- Superconductors and their properties
- Properties of materials: metals, alloys, composites, polymers, insulations
- New applications of cryogenic technology to processes, devices, machinery
- Refrigeration and liquefaction technology
- Thermodynamics
- Fluid properties and fluid mechanics
- Heat transfer
- Thermometry and measurement science
- Cryogenics in medicine
- Cryoelectronics