Innovative Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers Loaded with Bacterial Cells Towards Sustainable Agri-Food Systems and Regulatory Compliance

Abstract

This comprehensive review highlights the innovative applications of eco-friendly nanofibers in facilitating microbial activity and functionality for the advancement of sustainable agri-food systems. It provides an in-depth exploration of nanofiber-based biocomposites, with a specific focus on the encapsulation of bacterial cells within nanofibers. The review emphasizes the pivotal role of advanced 3D nanostructured scaffolds, appropriately designed for the encapsulation and survivability of these bacterial cells in response to specific environmental triggers. Furthermore, this paper delves into the utilization of nanofibers as nanocarriers to enhance the functionality of bacteria. It illustrates the need for comprehensive safety assessments, especially considering the potential risks involved. The assessment establishes a connection between the technical discussions and the environmental regulations that support the implementation of sustainable practices within the agri-food sector. The review highlights the vital role played by international guidelines, such as those established by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), in guiding the formulation of national and regional policies. By interconnecting these strategic principles with technological advancements in nanofiber technology, the review favors the incorporation of “green”, eco-friendly nanofiber production via an electrospinning method to revolutionize the agri-food sector. This holistic approach aims to address current challenges, paving the way for sustainable progress.