Electromagnetic Joining for Multi-material Tubular Components: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Multi-material tubular components have found versatile applications in various products and machine parts because of their ability to offer simultaneous advantages of the constituent materials, such as corrosion-resistance, lightweight, higher strength, and electrical conductivity in one single component. However, creating such components using traditional joining methods possess a lot of challenges due to differences in the properties of joining materials resulting in defects such as hot cracking, embrittlement and intermetallic formation. Therefore, solid-state cold processes like electromagnetic forming can be of great use in joining such multi-material components, referred to as electromagnetic joining (EMJ). This article presents a comprehensive review that considers almost all the major aspects of the subject. This article presents a thorough detailed review of the EMJ processes. It begins by providing a broad overview of the process, tracing its history and development up to the present day, and highlighting its prevalent usage in industry. Following this, an in-depth analysis of the current state of the art in EMJ is given. The working principle is then explained, along with a comprehensive examination of the different stages of the EMJ process. The various factors that influence the quality of the joint and their effects are also discussed in detail. In the end, detailed conclusions are drawn, and future research insights are highlighted.