Little Ice Age flood events recorded in sag pond sediments in the Carrizo Plains National Monument, California

IF 1.7 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Matthew Kirby, Samuel K. Hippard, Lisa N. Martinez, Dahlia Serrato, Joseph Carlin, Nicole Bonuso, Sinan O. Akçiz, Christian Novich
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In California, severe precipitation events (SPEs) are often associated with winter season atmospheric rivers. These SPEs can generate hurricane-scale precipitation, creating a variety of natural hazards such as floods and landslides. For California, the most complete SPE-flood record yet generated is a 9000-year paleoflood reconstruction from the Santa Barbara Basin (Du et al. in Mar Geol 397:29–42, 2018). Finding terrestrial counterparts to compare to the Santa Barbara Basin is a challenge in Southern California where lake basins are rare and the terrestrial spatiotemporal signature of SPE floods remains largely unconstrained. Here, we present five 1–2 m sediment cores from a sag pond along the San Andreas Fault in the southern Carrizo Plain. The most complete record (core CLPC21-4) was selected for a variety of chronological, sedimentological, and biological analyses. Principal Component Analysis on these data reveals two end member sediment unit types: event versus ambient sedimentation. We focus on the two thickest sediment units likely generated by SPEs. These two units (EU 1 and EU 2) are especially distinct within CLPC21-4, characterized by erosive bases, above average sand content, normal grading, low magnetic susceptibility, and low total organic matter. Moreover, they are visually apparent across all five cores within the sag pond and thin from source to sink. Age control for the two units is constrained by AMS 14C dates on discrete organic materials and supported by the identification of Erodium’s first appearance ca. 1750–1765 CE in the Santa Barbara region. Using these age constraints, we infer the maximum limiting age range for Event Unit 1 from 1470 to 1640 CE and Event Unit 2 from 1740 to 1800 CE. Within the limits of dating, site-specific proxy sensitivities, and inherent meteorological heterogeneity, we propose a probable correlation to Santa Barbara Basin flood events at 1525 CE and 1760 CE. Our results suggest that sag ponds may represent a viable and untapped paleoclimatic archive for California. Future work will focus on a latitudinal series of sag ponds to determine the spatiotemporal sequence and correlativity of SPEs in the sediment record.

Abstract Image

加利福尼亚州卡里索平原国家纪念碑下陷池沉积物中记录的小冰河时期洪水事件
在加利福尼亚,强降水事件(SPEs)通常与冬季的大气河流有关。这些 SPE 可产生飓风级降水,造成洪水和山体滑坡等各种自然灾害。就加利福尼亚而言,目前最完整的 SPE-洪水记录是来自圣巴巴拉盆地的 9000 年古洪水重建(Du 等,载于 Mar Geol 397:29-42, 2018)。在南加州寻找可与圣巴巴拉盆地相比较的陆地对应物是一项挑战,因为南加州湖泊盆地很少,SPE 洪水的陆地时空特征在很大程度上仍未受到约束。在此,我们展示了来自卡里索平原南部圣安德烈亚斯断层沿线堰塞湖的五个 1-2 米长的沉积岩芯。我们选择了最完整的记录(岩心 CLPC21-4)进行各种年代学、沉积学和生物学分析。这些数据的主成分分析显示了两种末端沉积单元类型:事件沉积和环境沉积。我们重点研究了可能由 SPE 产生的两个最厚的沉积单元。这两个单元(EU 1 和 EU 2)在 CLPC21-4 中尤为明显,具有侵蚀性基底、高于平均水平的含沙量、正常级配、低磁感应强度和低总有机质等特征。此外,它们在下陷池内的所有五个岩芯中都很明显,而且从源头到下陷处都很薄。这两个单元的年代控制受到离散有机物的 AMS 14C 日期的限制,并得到了约西元 1750-1765 年首次出现在圣塔克拉里昂的rodium 的鉴定的支持。西元 1750-1765 年首次出现在圣巴巴拉地区。利用这些年龄限制,我们推断事件单元 1 的最大极限年龄范围为西元 1470 年至 1640 年,事件单元 2 为西元 1740 年至 1800 年。在年代测定、特定地点代用敏感性和固有气象异质性的限制下,我们认为圣巴巴拉盆地洪水事件可能与公元前 1525 年和公元前 1760 年有关。我们的研究结果表明,堰塞湖可能是加利福尼亚一个可行且尚未开发的古气候档案。未来的工作将侧重于矢状池的纬度系列,以确定沉积物记录中 SPE 的时空序列和相关性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Paleolimnology
Journal of Paleolimnology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
9.50%
发文量
44
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The realization that a historical perspective is often useful, if not essential, to the understanding of most limnological processes has resulted in the recent surge of interest in paleolimnology. The main aim of the Journal of Paleolimnology is the provision of a vehicle for the rapid dissemination of original scientific work dealing with the reconstruction of lake histories. Although the majority of papers deal with lakes, paleoenvironmental studies of river, wetland, peatland and estuary systems are also eligible for publication. The Journal of Paleolimnology, like the subject itself, is multidisciplinary in nature, and papers are published that are concerned with all aspects (e.g. biological, chemical, physical, geological, etc.) of the reconstruction and interpretation of lake histories. Both applied and more theoretical papers are equally encouraged. The Journal of Paleolimnology will continue to be a major repository for papers dealing with climatic change, as well as other pressing topics, such as global environmental change, lake acidification, eutrophication, long-term monitoring, and other aspects of lake ontogeny. Taxonomic and methodological papers are also acceptable provided they are of relatively broad interest. New equipment designs are frequently featured. In addition to original data and ideas, the Journal of Paleolimnology also publishes review articles, commentaries and program announcements. A relevant Book Review Section is also featured.
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