Phylogenomics of Puya (Bromeliaceae): Evolution in the Andean slopes and sky island ecosystems

IF 3.7 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Julián Aguirre-Santoro, Alejandro Zuluaga, Emma Stonesmyth, Julio Betancur, Rachel S. Jabaily
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Abstract

Phylogenomics enhances our understanding of plant radiations in the biodiverse Andes. Our study focuses on Puya, primarily Andean and a part of the Bromeliaceae family. Using a phylogenomic framework based on the Angiosperms353 probe set for 80 species, we explored Puya′s phenotypic evolution and biogeography. Divergence time analyses and ancestral area estimations suggested that Puya originated in Central Coastal Chile around 9 million years ago (Ma). Subsequently, it dispersed to the dry valleys of the Central Andes and Puna regions between 5–8 Ma, leading to the emergence of major lineages. Key events in the last 2–4 million years include the recolonization of Chilean lowlands and dispersal to the northern Andes via Peru's Jalcas, facilitating passage through the Huancabamba depression. This event gave rise to the high-elevation Northern Andes clade. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we tested the hypothesis that adaptation to the Andes' island-like high-elevation ecosystems was facilitated by unique leaf and floral traits, life history, and inflorescence morphology. Our findings suggest correlations between inflorescence axis compression, protective bract overlap, and high-elevation living, potentially preventing reproductive structure freezing. Semelparity evolved exclusively at high elevations, although its precise adaptive value remains uncertain. Our framework offers insights into Andean evolution, highlighting that lineages adapted to life in dry ecosystems can easily transition to high-elevation biomes. It also underscores how the island-like nature of high-elevation ecosystems influences phenotypic evolution rates. Moreover, it opens avenues to explore genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to extreme mountain conditions.

Abstract Image

Puya(凤梨科)的系统发生组学:安第斯山坡和天空岛生态系统的演变
系统发生组学加深了我们对生物多样性丰富的安第斯山脉植物辐射的了解。我们的研究重点是主要生长在安第斯山脉、属于凤梨科(Bromeliaceae)的Puya。我们利用基于 Angiosperms353 探针集的系统发生组框架,对 80 个物种的表型进化和生物地理学进行了探索。分异时间分析和祖先地区估计表明,蒲葵起源于智利中部沿海地区,距今约900万年(Ma)。随后,在距今5-8百万年之间,它扩散到了安第斯山脉中部的干旱山谷和普纳地区,导致了主要品系的出现。在过去的 200-400 万年间发生的关键事件包括智利低地的再殖民化以及通过秘鲁的 Jalcas 向安第斯山脉北部的扩散,为穿越万卡班巴洼地提供了便利。这一事件产生了高海拔的北安第斯支系。利用系统发生比较方法,我们检验了一个假设,即独特的叶和花特征、生活史和花序形态有助于适应安第斯山脉岛屿般的高海拔生态系统。我们的研究结果表明,花序轴压缩、保护性苞片重叠和高海拔生活之间存在相关性,有可能防止生殖结构冻结。雌雄同株只在高海拔地区进化,但其确切的适应价值仍不确定。我们的框架为安第斯山脉的进化提供了见解,强调了适应干旱生态系统生活的品系很容易过渡到高海拔生物群落。它还强调了高海拔生态系统类似岛屿的性质是如何影响表型进化速度的。此外,它还为探索适应极端山区条件的遗传机制开辟了道路。
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来源期刊
Journal of Systematics and Evolution
Journal of Systematics and Evolution Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
8.10%
发文量
1368
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Systematics and Evolution (JSE, since 2008; formerly Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica) is a plant-based international journal newly dedicated to the description and understanding of the biological diversity. It covers: description of new taxa, monographic revision, phylogenetics, molecular evolution and genome evolution, evolutionary developmental biology, evolutionary ecology, population biology, conservation biology, biogeography, paleobiology, evolutionary theories, and related subjects.
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