{"title":"Tissue-resident memory T cells in protective immunity to influenza virus","authors":"Seungwoo Lee , Karen KM Yeung , Tania H Watts","doi":"10.1016/j.coviro.2024.101397","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Influenza virus is an important human pathogen with significant pandemic potential. Tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm) in the lung provide critical protection against influenza, but unlike Trm at other mucosal sites, Trm in the respiratory tract (RT) are subject to rapid attrition in mice, mirroring the decline in protective immunity to influenza virus over time. Conversely, dysfunctional Trm can drive fibrosis in aged mice. The requirement for local antigen to induce and maintain RT Trm must be considered in vaccine strategies designed to induce this protective immune subset. Here, we discuss recent studies that inform our understanding of influenza-specific respiratory Trm, and the factors that influence their development and persistence. We also discuss how these biological insights are being used to develop vaccines that induce Trm in the RT, despite the limitations to monitoring Trm in humans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11082,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in virology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625724000117/pdfft?md5=f18cd080d8b6c2b16f27010dbe9f2ea5&pid=1-s2.0-S1879625724000117-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current opinion in virology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1879625724000117","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VIROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Influenza virus is an important human pathogen with significant pandemic potential. Tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm) in the lung provide critical protection against influenza, but unlike Trm at other mucosal sites, Trm in the respiratory tract (RT) are subject to rapid attrition in mice, mirroring the decline in protective immunity to influenza virus over time. Conversely, dysfunctional Trm can drive fibrosis in aged mice. The requirement for local antigen to induce and maintain RT Trm must be considered in vaccine strategies designed to induce this protective immune subset. Here, we discuss recent studies that inform our understanding of influenza-specific respiratory Trm, and the factors that influence their development and persistence. We also discuss how these biological insights are being used to develop vaccines that induce Trm in the RT, despite the limitations to monitoring Trm in humans.
流感病毒是一种重要的人类病原体，大流行的可能性很大。肺部的组织驻留记忆 T 细胞（Trm）可提供抵御流感的重要保护，但与其他粘膜部位的 T 细胞不同，呼吸道（RT）中的 T 细胞在小鼠体内会迅速消亡，这反映出随着时间的推移，小鼠对流感病毒的保护性免疫力会下降。相反，功能失调的Trm可导致老龄小鼠纤维化。在旨在诱导这一保护性免疫亚群的疫苗策略中，必须考虑本地抗原诱导和维持 RT Trm 的要求。在此，我们将讨论最近的一些研究，这些研究有助于我们了解流感特异性呼吸道Trm以及影响其发展和持续的因素。我们还讨论了如何利用这些生物学知识来开发疫苗，以诱导 RT 中的 Trm，尽管对人类 Trm 的监测存在局限性。
期刊介绍：
Current Opinion in Virology (COVIRO) is a systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up to date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of virology. It publishes 6 issues per year covering the following 11 sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Emerging viruses: interspecies transmission; Viral immunology; Viral pathogenesis; Preventive and therapeutic vaccines; Antiviral strategies; Virus structure and expression; Animal models for viral diseases; Engineering for viral resistance; Viruses and cancer; Virus vector interactions. There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field.
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