Components of spirituality in older adults: A phenomenological study through interviews based on dignity therapy.

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 NURSING
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-07 DOI:10.1111/scs.13254
Kyoko Nagata, Koji Tanaka
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim: A key perspective in examining dignity, which is important for older adults, is spirituality. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the components of spirituality in older adults through interviews based on dignity therapy (DT).

Methodological design and justification: Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenology was applied to understand experiences rooted in the life world of older adults from their own perspective.

Ethical issues and approval: This study was approved by the ethical review committee of the author's university. All participants provided consent to participate.

Research methods: Semi-structured interviews based on DT were conducted with 11 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older who were using some form of medical or social services. The interviews were transcribed, and the text was analysed based on Colaizzi's phenomenological method.

Results: Four themes were identified as components of spirituality in older adults: trauma, being silent about hard experiences, forming connections and taking on challenges and discovering one's own spirit. The participants felt a sense of helplessness and frustration as they dealt with traumatic events. Feelings of shame, guilt and/or resignation prevented them from talking about the distress they were experiencing, but they were able to move forward after receiving emotional support and having opportunities to share with others. These processes led to the discovery of a new self.

Study limitations: This study assessed the experiences of older adults in Japan and may therefore have been influenced by the social background and culture of Japan. Future research should target older adults from a variety of social backgrounds as well as those with specific health conditions.

Conclusion: The findings suggest the importance of creating opportunities for healthcare professionals as well as family, friends and community members to help older adults reflect on their lives and talk about their accomplishments and unresolved issues. Doing so should help older adults maintain their dignity while remaining aware of their mortality.

老年人精神信仰的组成部分:基于尊严疗法的访谈现象学研究。
目的:研究尊严的一个重要视角是灵性,这对老年人非常重要。因此,本研究旨在通过基于尊严疗法(DT)的访谈,确定老年人精神生活的组成部分:伦理问题和批准:本研究获得了伦理委员会的批准:本研究获得了作者所在大学伦理审查委员会的批准。所有参与者均同意参与:研究方法:根据 DT 对 11 名 65 岁或以上居住在社区、使用某种形式的医疗或社会服务的成年人进行了半结构式访谈。访谈内容均已转录,并根据科莱兹的现象学方法对文本进行了分析:结果:四个主题被确定为老年人精神信仰的组成部分:创伤、对艰难经历保持沉默、建立联系和接受挑战以及发现自己的精神。参与者在处理创伤事件时感到无助和沮丧。羞耻感、负罪感和/或逆来顺受的感觉阻碍了他们谈论自己所经历的痛苦,但在得到情感支持并有机会与他人分享后,他们能够继续前进。这些过程让他们发现了新的自我:本研究评估的是日本老年人的经历,因此可能会受到日本社会背景和文化的影响。未来的研究应该针对来自不同社会背景的老年人以及有特殊健康状况的老年人:研究结果表明,为医疗保健专业人员以及家人、朋友和社区成员创造机会,帮助老年人反思自己的生活、谈论自己的成就和未解决的问题非常重要。这样做应有助于老年人保持尊严,同时意识到自己的死亡。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
71
期刊介绍: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences is an established quarterly, peer reviewed Journal with an outstanding international reputation. As the official publication of the Nordic College of Caring Science, the Journal shares their mission to contribute to the development and advancement of scientific knowledge on caring related to health, well-being, illness and the alleviation of human suffering. The emphasis is on research that has a patient, family and community focus and which promotes an interdisciplinary team approach. Of special interest are scholarly articles addressing and initiating dialogue on theoretical, empirical and methodological concerns related to critical issues. All articles are expected to demonstrate respect for human dignity and accountability to society. In addition to original research the Journal also publishes reviews, meta-syntheses and meta-analyses.
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