Refining Holocene sea-level variations for the Lofoten and Vesterålen archipelagos, northern Norway: implications for prehistoric human–environment interactions
Nicholas L. Balascio, William J. D'Andrea, Roger C. Creel, Leah Marshall, Moussa Dia, Stephen Wickler, R. Scott Anderson, Jacqueline Austermann, Kristian Vasskog, Pål Ringkjøb Nielsen, Svein Olaf Dahl
{"title":"Refining Holocene sea-level variations for the Lofoten and Vesterålen archipelagos, northern Norway: implications for prehistoric human–environment interactions","authors":"Nicholas L. Balascio, William J. D'Andrea, Roger C. Creel, Leah Marshall, Moussa Dia, Stephen Wickler, R. Scott Anderson, Jacqueline Austermann, Kristian Vasskog, Pål Ringkjøb Nielsen, Svein Olaf Dahl","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3604","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Lofoten and Vesterålen archipelagos are located off the outer coast of northern Norway far from the center of the former Fennoscandian Ice Sheet and near the continental shelf edge. Existing relative sea-level (RSL) data indicate a pronounced mid-Holocene transgression and interesting connections with the region's prehistoric human settlement history. Here we present seven new sea-level index points from isolation basins and five terrestrial limiting points from a coastal sedimentary sequence to refine the region's RSL history. Ingression and isolation contacts in isolation basin sediment cores are identified using sedimentary geochemical data, scanning X-ray fluorescence profiles and phytoplankton analysis. The ages of these contacts are determined using radiocarbon-based age models. Our index points range from 11.2 to 1.5k cal a <span>bp</span> and are combined with previously published data to predict the spatiotemporal evolution of sea level in this region using an ensemble of spatiotemporal empirical hierarchical models (STEHME). The new RSL curve constrains the timing of the mid-Holocene transgression, which occurred from c. 9 to 6k cal a \n<span>bp</span> when sea level increased from −4 to 7 m above present day. From c. 6 to 5k cal a \n<span>bp</span>, RSL rapidly fell to c. 4 m above present values, and more gradually declined at an average rate of c. 0.8 m ka<sup>−1</sup> over the last 5k cal a \n<span>bp.</span> Isobase maps derived using the STEHME show a decrease in the regional shoreline gradients since the transgression maximum from 0.25 to 0.07 m km<sup>−1</sup>. Our data also better define how RSL variations influenced the location and preservation of coastal settlement locations and harbors from the early Stone Age through historic intervals, improving understanding of regional human–environment interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3604","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Quaternary Science","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.3604","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The Lofoten and Vesterålen archipelagos are located off the outer coast of northern Norway far from the center of the former Fennoscandian Ice Sheet and near the continental shelf edge. Existing relative sea-level (RSL) data indicate a pronounced mid-Holocene transgression and interesting connections with the region's prehistoric human settlement history. Here we present seven new sea-level index points from isolation basins and five terrestrial limiting points from a coastal sedimentary sequence to refine the region's RSL history. Ingression and isolation contacts in isolation basin sediment cores are identified using sedimentary geochemical data, scanning X-ray fluorescence profiles and phytoplankton analysis. The ages of these contacts are determined using radiocarbon-based age models. Our index points range from 11.2 to 1.5k cal a bp and are combined with previously published data to predict the spatiotemporal evolution of sea level in this region using an ensemble of spatiotemporal empirical hierarchical models (STEHME). The new RSL curve constrains the timing of the mid-Holocene transgression, which occurred from c. 9 to 6k cal a
bp when sea level increased from −4 to 7 m above present day. From c. 6 to 5k cal a
bp, RSL rapidly fell to c. 4 m above present values, and more gradually declined at an average rate of c. 0.8 m ka−1 over the last 5k cal a
bp. Isobase maps derived using the STEHME show a decrease in the regional shoreline gradients since the transgression maximum from 0.25 to 0.07 m km−1. Our data also better define how RSL variations influenced the location and preservation of coastal settlement locations and harbors from the early Stone Age through historic intervals, improving understanding of regional human–environment interactions.
罗弗敦群岛和维斯特洛伦群岛位于挪威北部外海,远离前芬诺斯坎迪亚冰原中心,靠近大陆架边缘。现有的相对海平面(RSL)数据表明,全新世中期发生了明显的跃迁,并与该地区的史前人类定居史有着有趣的联系。在此,我们提出了来自隔离盆地的七个新的海平面指数点和来自沿海沉积序列的五个陆地极限点,以完善该地区的 RSL 历史。利用沉积地球化学数据、扫描 X 射线荧光剖面和浮游植物分析,确定了隔离盆地沉积岩芯中的侵入和隔离接触点。这些接触点的年龄是通过基于放射性碳的年龄模型确定的。我们的指数点范围从 11.2 到 1.5k cal a bp,并与之前公布的数据相结合,利用时空经验分层模型集合(STEHME)预测了该地区海平面的时空演变。新的 RSL 曲线确定了全新世中期横断的时间,横断发生在约 9 至 6k cal a bp,当时海平面比现在高出-4 至 7 米。从大约 6 到 5k cal a bp,RSL 迅速下降到比现在高出大约 4 米,在最后 5k cal a bp 以平均大约 0.8 m ka-1 的速度逐渐下降。利用 STEHME 得出的等基线图显示,自大断裂以来,区域海岸线梯度从 0.25 m km-1 降至 0.07 m km-1。我们的数据还更好地界定了从石器时代早期到历史时期,RSL 的变化是如何影响沿海聚落和港口的位置和保存的,从而加深了对区域人类与环境相互作用的理解。
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Quaternary Science publishes original papers on any field of Quaternary research, and aims to promote a wider appreciation and deeper understanding of the earth''s history during the last 2.58 million years. Papers from a wide range of disciplines appear in JQS including, for example, Archaeology, Botany, Climatology, Geochemistry, Geochronology, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Glaciology, Limnology, Oceanography, Palaeoceanography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Palaeontology, Soil Science and Zoology. The journal particularly welcomes papers reporting the results of interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary research which are of wide international interest to Quaternary scientists. Short communications and correspondence relating to views and information contained in JQS may also be considered for publication.