{"title":"Influence of Mechanical Activation on Soil Properties and Plant Development","authors":"","doi":"10.1134/s1064229323602822","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<span> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Humic substances influence a number of soil properties: structure, cation exchange capacity, water retention capacity, etc. At the same time, in soils and solutions, humic substances exist not in the form of individual molecules, but in the form of supramolecular formations having a fractal cluster organization (F-clusters). Consequently, F-clusters should exert their influence on soil properties. As F-clusters are tightly interconnected, to assess their influence on soil properties it is necessary to separate them. This can be done by mechanical activation—increasing the reactivity (activity) of substances during their mechanical treatment. We studied the influence of mechanical activation on some soil properties and on the development of plants in activated soils. It has been shown that the water retention capacity of soil samples from the main types of zonal soils increases by up to 35% of the initial value under the impact of mechanical activation. This can be explained from the standpoint of a decrease in the mobility of gravitational water by F-clusters in macrocapillaries. The optical density of water extracts from chernozem increased by 75% and the viscosity of soil pastes increased by 57% due to an increase in the number of F-clusters in the soil solution. Activated soils stimulated the germination of wheat seeds by 26%. This effect may be associated with the formation of films of F-clusters on the surface of seeds, which fix soil allelotoxins that slow down seed development.</p> </span>","PeriodicalId":11892,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Soil Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Eurasian Soil Science","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064229323602822","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"SOIL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Humic substances influence a number of soil properties: structure, cation exchange capacity, water retention capacity, etc. At the same time, in soils and solutions, humic substances exist not in the form of individual molecules, but in the form of supramolecular formations having a fractal cluster organization (F-clusters). Consequently, F-clusters should exert their influence on soil properties. As F-clusters are tightly interconnected, to assess their influence on soil properties it is necessary to separate them. This can be done by mechanical activation—increasing the reactivity (activity) of substances during their mechanical treatment. We studied the influence of mechanical activation on some soil properties and on the development of plants in activated soils. It has been shown that the water retention capacity of soil samples from the main types of zonal soils increases by up to 35% of the initial value under the impact of mechanical activation. This can be explained from the standpoint of a decrease in the mobility of gravitational water by F-clusters in macrocapillaries. The optical density of water extracts from chernozem increased by 75% and the viscosity of soil pastes increased by 57% due to an increase in the number of F-clusters in the soil solution. Activated soils stimulated the germination of wheat seeds by 26%. This effect may be associated with the formation of films of F-clusters on the surface of seeds, which fix soil allelotoxins that slow down seed development.
摘要 腐殖质对土壤的一些特性有影响：结构、阳离子交换能力、保水能力等。同时，在土壤和溶液中，腐殖质不是以单个分子的形式存在，而是以具有分形簇组织（F-clusters）的超分子形式存在。因此，分形簇会对土壤性质产生影响。由于 F 簇紧密相连，要评估它们对土壤性质的影响，就必须将它们分开。这可以通过机械活化来实现--在机械处理过程中提高物质的反应性（活性）。我们研究了机械活化对一些土壤特性和活化土壤中植物生长的影响。结果表明，在机械活化作用下，主要地带土壤样本的保水能力比初始值提高了 35%。这可以从大毛细管中 F 簇的重力水流动性降低的角度来解释。由于土壤溶液中 F 簇的数量增加，从切尔诺泽姆提取的水的光密度增加了 75%，土壤糊的粘度增加了 57%。活化土壤可促进小麦种子发芽 26%。这种效果可能与种子表面形成的 F 簇膜有关，F 簇膜能固定土壤中的等位毒素，从而减缓种子的发育。
期刊介绍：
Eurasian Soil Science publishes original research papers on global and regional studies discussing both theoretical and experimental problems of genesis, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, fertility, management, conservation, and remediation of soils. Special sections are devoted to current news in the life of the International and Russian soil science societies and to the history of soil sciences.
Since 2000, the journal Agricultural Chemistry, the English version of the journal of the Russian Academy of Sciences Agrokhimiya, has been merged into the journal Eurasian Soil Science and is no longer published as a separate title.
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