Malaria vaccine efficacy, safety, and community perception in Africa: a scoping review of recent empirical studies.

IF 5.4 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infection Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-05 DOI:10.1007/s15010-024-02196-y

Muhammad Chutiyami, Priya Saravanakumar, Umar Muhammad Bello, Dauda Salihu, Khadijat Adeleye, Mustapha Adam Kolo, Kabiru Kasamu Dawa, Dathini Hamina, Pratibha Bhandari, Surajo Kamilu Sulaiman, Jenny Sim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim: The review summarizes the recent empirical evidence on the efficacy, safety, and community perception of malaria vaccines in Africa.

Methods: Academic Search Complete, African Journals Online, CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo, and two gray literature sources were searched in January 2023, and updated in June 2023. Relevant studies published from 2012 were included. Studies were screened, appraised, and synthesized in line with the review aim. Statistical results are presented as 95% Confidence Intervals and proportions/percentages.

Results: Sixty-six (N = 66) studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the vaccines identified, overall efficacy at 12 months was highest for the R21 vaccine (N = 3) at 77.0%, compared to the RTS,S vaccine (N = 15) at 55%. The efficacy of other vaccines was BK-SE36 (11.0-50.0%, N = 1), ChAd63/MVA ME-TRAP (- 4.7-19.4%, N = 2), FMP2.1/AS02A (7.6-9.9%, N = 1), GMZ2 (0.6-60.0%, N = 5), PfPZ (20.0-100.0%, N = 5), and PfSPZ-CVac (24.8-33.6%, N = 1). Injection site pain and fever were the most common adverse events (N = 26), while febrile convulsion (N = 8) was the most reported, vaccine-related Serious Adverse Event. Mixed perceptions of malaria vaccines were found in African communities (N = 17); awareness was generally low, ranging from 11% in Tanzania to 60% in Nigeria (N = 9), compared to willingness to accept the vaccines, which varied from 32.3% in Ethiopia to 96% in Sierra Leone (N = 15). Other issues include availability, logistics, and misconceptions.

Conclusion: Malaria vaccines protect against malaria infection in varying degrees, with severe side effects rarely occurring. Further research is required to improve vaccine efficacy and community involvement is needed to ensure successful widespread use in African communities.

查看原文本刊更多论文

非洲疟疾疫苗的疗效、安全性和社区认知：近期实证研究范围综述。

目的：本综述总结了有关非洲疟疾疫苗的有效性、安全性和社区认知的最新实证证据：方法：在 2023 年 1 月对 Academic Search Complete、African Journals Online、CINAHL、Medline、PsychInfo 和两个灰色文献来源进行了检索，并于 2023 年 6 月进行了更新。纳入了 2012 年以来发表的相关研究。根据综述目的对研究进行了筛选、评估和综合。统计结果以 95% 置信区间和比例/百分比表示：66项（N = 66）研究符合纳入标准。在已确定的疫苗中，R21 疫苗（N = 3）12 个月的总体有效率最高，为 77.0%，而 RTS,S 疫苗（N = 15）的有效率为 55%。其他疫苗的有效率分别为：BK-SE36（11.0-50.0%，N = 1）、ChAd63/MVA ME-TRAP（-4.7-19.4%，N = 2）、FMP2.1/AS02A（7.6-9.9%，N = 1）、GMZ2（0.6-60.0%，N = 5）、PfPZ（20.0-100.0%，N = 5）和PfSPZ-CVac（24.8-33.6%，N = 1）。注射部位疼痛和发热是最常见的不良事件（26 例），而发热抽搐（8 例）是报告最多的与疫苗相关的严重不良事件。非洲社区对疟疾疫苗的看法不一（17 例）；认知度普遍较低，从坦桑尼亚的 11% 到尼日利亚的 60% 不等（9 例），而接受疫苗的意愿则从埃塞俄比亚的 32.3% 到塞拉利昂的 96% 不等（15 例）。其他问题包括可用性、物流和误解：结论：疟疾疫苗可在不同程度上预防疟疾感染，很少出现严重的副作用。需要进一步研究以提高疫苗功效，并需要社区参与以确保在非洲社区成功广泛使用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

1.30%

发文量

224

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Infection is a journal dedicated to serving as a global forum for the presentation and discussion of clinically relevant information on infectious diseases. Its primary goal is to engage readers and contributors from various regions around the world in the exchange of knowledge about the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases, both in outpatient and inpatient settings. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including: Etiology: The study of the causes of infectious diseases. Pathogenesis: The process by which an infectious agent causes disease. Diagnosis: The methods and techniques used to identify infectious diseases. Treatment: The medical interventions and strategies employed to treat infectious diseases. Public Health: Issues of local, regional, or international significance related to infectious diseases, including prevention, control, and management strategies. Hospital Epidemiology: The study of the spread of infectious diseases within healthcare settings and the measures to prevent nosocomial infections. In addition to these, Infection also includes a specialized "Images" section, which focuses on high-quality visual content, such as images, photographs, and microscopic slides, accompanied by brief abstracts. This section is designed to highlight the clinical and diagnostic value of visual aids in the field of infectious diseases, as many conditions present with characteristic clinical signs that can be diagnosed through inspection, and imaging and microscopy are crucial for accurate diagnosis. The journal's comprehensive approach ensures that it remains a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and researchers in the field of infectious diseases.