Assisted phytoextraction as a nature-based solution for the sustainable remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soils

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI:10.1002/ieam.4907

Ramona Balint, Iustina Popescu Boajă

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Soil contamination is a significant environmental issue that poses a threat to human health and the ecosystems. Conventional remediation techniques, such as excavation and landfilling, are often expensive, disruptive, and unsustainable. As a result, there has been growing interest in developing sustainable remediation strategies that are cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and socially acceptable. One such solution is phytoextraction: a nature-based approach that uses the abilities of hyperaccumulator plants to uptake and accumulate metals and metalloids (potentially toxic elements [PTE]) without signs of toxicity. Once harvested, plant biomass can be treated to reduce its volume and weight by combustion, thus obtaining bioenergy, and the ashes can be used for the recovery of metals or in the construction industry. However, phytoextraction has shown variable effectiveness due to soil conditions and plant species specificity, which has led researchers to develop additional approaches known as assisted phytoextraction to enhance its success. Assisted phytoextraction is a remediation strategy based on modifying certain plant traits or using different materials to increase metal uptake or bioavailability. This review article provides a practical and up-to-date overview of established strategies and the latest scientific advancements in assisted phytoextraction. Our focus is on improving plant performance and optimizing the uptake, tolerance, and accumulation of PTE, as well as the accessibility of these contaminants. While we highlight the advantages of using hyperaccumulator plants for assisted phytoextraction, we also address the challenges and limitations associated with this approach. Factors such as soil pH, nutrient availability, and the presence of other contaminants can affect its efficiency. Furthermore, the real-world challenges of implementing phytoextraction on a large scale are discussed and strategies to modify plant traits for successful phytoremediation are presented. By exploring established strategies and the latest scientific developments in assisted phytoextraction, this review provides valuable guidance for optimizing a sustainable, nature-based technology. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:2003–2022. © 2024 SETAC

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辅助植物萃取作为可持续修复受金属（泥土）污染土壤的自然解决方案。

土壤污染是一个重大的环境问题，对人类健康和生态系统构成威胁。传统的修复技术，如挖掘和填埋，往往成本高昂、破坏性大且不可持续。因此，人们越来越关注开发具有成本效益、环境友好和社会可接受的可持续修复战略。植物萃取就是其中一种解决方案：这是一种基于自然的方法，利用超积累植物吸收和积累金属和类金属（潜在有毒元素 [PTE]）的能力，而不会产生毒性。一旦收获，植物生物质可通过燃烧处理来减少体积和重量，从而获得生物能源，灰烬可用于回收金属或建筑业。然而，由于土壤条件和植物物种的特异性，植物萃取的效果参差不齐，因此研究人员开发了更多称为辅助植物萃取的方法，以提高植物萃取的成功率。辅助植物萃取是一种基于改变某些植物性状或使用不同材料来提高金属吸收或生物利用率的修复策略。这篇综述文章对辅助植物萃取的既定策略和最新科学进展进行了实用的最新概述。我们的重点是提高植物的性能，优化对 PTE 的吸收、耐受和积累，以及这些污染物的可及性。在强调使用超积累植物进行辅助植物萃取的优势的同时，我们也探讨了与这种方法相关的挑战和局限性。土壤 pH 值、养分可用性以及其他污染物的存在等因素都会影响其效率。此外，我们还讨论了在现实世界中大规模实施植物萃取所面临的挑战，并介绍了改变植物性状以成功进行植物修复的策略。通过探讨辅助植物萃取的既定策略和最新科学发展，本综述为优化可持续的、基于自然的技术提供了宝贵的指导。Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;00:1-20.© 2024 SETAC.

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来源期刊

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESTOXICOLOGY&nbs-TOXICOLOGY

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

6.50%

发文量

156

期刊介绍： Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM) publishes the science underpinning environmental decision making and problem solving. Papers submitted to IEAM must link science and technical innovations to vexing regional or global environmental issues in one or more of the following core areas: Science-informed regulation, policy, and decision making Health and ecological risk and impact assessment Restoration and management of damaged ecosystems Sustaining ecosystems Managing large-scale environmental change Papers published in these broad fields of study are connected by an array of interdisciplinary engineering, management, and scientific themes, which collectively reflect the interconnectedness of the scientific, social, and environmental challenges facing our modern global society: Methods for environmental quality assessment; forecasting across a number of ecosystem uses and challenges (systems-based, cost-benefit, ecosystem services, etc.); measuring or predicting ecosystem change and adaptation Approaches that connect policy and management tools; harmonize national and international environmental regulation; merge human well-being with ecological management; develop and sustain the function of ecosystems; conceptualize, model and apply concepts of spatial and regional sustainability Assessment and management frameworks that incorporate conservation, life cycle, restoration, and sustainability; considerations for climate-induced adaptation, change and consequences, and vulnerability Environmental management applications using risk-based approaches; considerations for protecting and fostering biodiversity, as well as enhancement or protection of ecosystem services and resiliency.