Epigenetic dynamics of aging and cancer development: current concepts from studies mapping aging and cancer epigenomes.

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-17 DOI:10.1097/CCO.0000000000001020

Shilpa Bisht, Yiqing Mao, Hariharan Easwaran

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: This review emphasizes the role of epigenetic processes as incidental changes occurring during aging, which, in turn, promote the development of cancer.

Recent findings: Aging is a complex biological process associated with the progressive deterioration of normal physiological functions, making age a significant risk factor for various disorders, including cancer. The increasing longevity of the population has made cancer a global burden, as the risk of developing most cancers increases with age due to the cumulative effect of exposure to environmental carcinogens and DNA replication errors. The classical 'somatic mutation theory' of cancer cause is being challenged by the observation that multiple normal cells harbor cancer driver mutations without resulting in cancer. In this review, we discuss the role of age-associated epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, which occur across all cell types and tissues with advancing age. There is an increasing body of evidence linking these changes with cancer risk and prognosis.

Summary: A better understanding about the epigenetic changes acquired during aging is critical for comprehending the mechanisms leading to the age-associated increase in cancer and for developing novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment and prevention.

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衰老和癌症发展的表观遗传动力学：绘制衰老和癌症表观基因组研究的当前概念。

综述的目的：这篇综述强调了表观遗传过程作为衰老过程中偶然发生的变化所起的作用，这些变化反过来又促进了癌症的发展：衰老是一个复杂的生物过程，与正常生理功能的逐渐衰退有关，使年龄成为包括癌症在内的各种疾病的重要风险因素。由于暴露于环境致癌物质和 DNA 复制错误的累积效应，大多数癌症的发病风险随着年龄的增长而增加。据观察，多种正常细胞都蕴藏着癌症驱动基因突变，但这些突变并不会导致癌症，这使经典的癌症病因 "体细胞突变理论 "受到了挑战。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论与年龄相关的表观遗传学改变（包括 DNA 甲基化）的作用。摘要：更好地了解衰老过程中获得的表观遗传变化，对于理解导致与年龄相关的癌症发病率增加的机制以及开发治疗和预防癌症的新型治疗策略至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Oncology 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

2.90%

发文量

130

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： With its easy-to-digest reviews on important advances in world literature, Current Opinion in Oncology offers expert evaluation on a wide range of topics from sixteen key disciplines including sarcomas, cancer biology, melanoma and endocrine tumors. Published bimonthly, each issue covers in detail the most pertinent advances in these fields from the previous year. This is supplemented by annotated references detailing the merits of the most important papers.