Extending social protection to migrant workers in the region of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC): An analysis of enablers and barriers

IF 1.2 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Christina Lowe, Jessica Hagen‐Zanker, Caterina Mazzilli, Lea Bou Khater, Luca Pellerano, Abigail Hunt
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Abstract

This article explores factors influencing the extension of social protection to migrant workers in the region of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC). While there are some indications of new momentum for reforms, we find that reforms to address gaps in legal social protection coverage have historically been hindered by the very design of the migration system, including the assumed short‐term migration time frame and over reliance on employer‐sponsored provisions, as well as the political economy in the region, which translates into a segmented labour market and associated social protection entitlements for national and migrant workers, and limited channels for migrant worker representation. Despite some new mechanisms being developed, labour dispute and judicial systems are often ineffective in protecting workers and their families when benefits are not paid. Bureaucratic, financial, language, documentation and geographic barriers constitute further obstacles to migrant workers’ access to social protection in practice. The article closes with key policy implications, including measures for: developing comprehensive legal provisions in line with international standards and principles as well as the commitments to leave no one behind and to ensure social protection for all in the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development; addressing practical barriers, power imbalances and outreach, monitoring and enforcement gaps; and strengthening dialogue and collaboration between all actors, including GCC and country of origin governments, employers, workers, and wider stakeholders advocating for migrant workers’ rights.
向海湾阿拉伯国家合作委员会(海合会)地区的移徙工人提供社会保护:对促进因素和障碍的分析
本文探讨了影响海湾阿拉伯国家合作委员会(海合会)地区向移民工人提供社会保护的因素。虽然有一些迹象表明改革出现了新的势头,但我们发现,为弥补法律社会保障覆盖面的不足而进行的改革历来受到移民制度设计本身的阻碍,包括假定的短期移民时限和过度依赖雇主赞助的规定,以及该地区的政治经济,这转化为一个分割的劳动力市场和本国工人与移民工人的相关社会保障权利,以及移民工人代表的有限渠道。尽管建立了一些新的机制,但当福利得不到支付时,劳动争议和司法系统往往不能有效地保护工人及其家庭。官僚主义、财政、语言、文件和地理方面的障碍构成了移徙工人在实践中获得社会保护的进一步障碍。文章最后提出了主要的政策影响,包括以下措施:根据国际标准和原则以及联合国 2030 年可持续发展议程中 "不让一个人掉队 "和 "确保人人享有社会保护 "的承诺,制定全面的法律规定;解决实际障碍、权力不平衡以及外联、监测和执行方面的差距;加强包括海湾合作委员会和原籍国政府、雇主、工人以及倡导移徙工人权利的更广泛利益相关者在内的所有行为者之间的对话与合作。
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来源期刊
International Social Security Review
International Social Security Review PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION-
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
8.30%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The International Social Security Review, the world"s major international quarterly publication in the field of social security. First published in 1948, the journal appears in four language editions (English, French, German and Spanish). Articles by leading social security experts around the world present international comparisons and in-depth discussions of topical questions as well as studies of social security systems in different countries, and there is a regular, comprehensive round-up of the latest publications in its field.
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