COVID-19 outbreak at a residential apartment building in Northern Ontario, Canada.

IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Dinna Lozano, Carolyn Dohoo, David Elfstrom, Kendra Carswell, Jennifer L Guthrie
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In February 2021, a cluster of Beta variant (B.1.351) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases were identified in an apartment building located in Northern Ontario, Canada. Most cases had no known contact with each other. Objectives of this multi-component outbreak investigation were to better understand the social and environmental factors that facilitated the transmission of COVID-19 through this multi-unit residential building (MURB). A case-control study examined building-specific exposures and resident behaviours that may have increased the odds of being a case. A professional engineer assessed the building's heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. Whole-genome sequencing and an in-depth genomic analysis were performed. Forty-five outbreak-confirmed cases were identified. From the case-control study, being on the upper floors (OR: 10.4; 95% CI: 1.63-66.9) and within three adjacent vertical lines (OR: 28.3; 3.57-225) were both significantly associated with being a case of COVID-19, after adjusting for age. There were no significant differences in reported behaviours, use of shared spaces, or precautions taken between cases and controls. An assessment of the building's ventilation found uncontrolled air leakage between apartment units. A single genomic cluster was identified, where most sequences were identical to one another. Findings from the multiple components of this investigation are suggestive of aerosol transmission between units.

加拿大安大略省北部一栋住宅公寓楼爆发 COVID-19 疫情。
2021 年 2 月,在加拿大安大略省北部的一栋公寓楼里发现了一组 Beta 变种(B.1.351)冠状病毒病 2019(COVID-19)病例。大多数病例之间没有已知的接触。这项多成分疫情调查的目的是更好地了解促进 COVID-19 在这栋多单元住宅楼(MURB)中传播的社会和环境因素。一项病例对照研究考察了可能会增加病例发生几率的特定建筑暴露和居民行为。一名专业工程师对大楼的供暖、通风和空调(HVAC)系统进行了评估。进行了全基因组测序和深入的基因组分析。最终确定了 45 例疫情确诊病例。在病例对照研究中,在调整年龄因素后,位于高层(OR:10.4;95% CI:1.63-66.9)和在三条相邻垂直线内(OR:28.3;3.57-225)都与 COVID-19 病例显著相关。病例与对照组在报告的行为、共用空间的使用或采取的预防措施方面没有明显差异。对大楼通风系统的评估发现,公寓单元之间存在失控的空气泄漏。发现了一个基因组群,其中大多数序列彼此相同。从这项调查的多个部分得出的结果表明,气溶胶在单元之间传播。
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来源期刊
Epidemiology and Infection
Epidemiology and Infection 医学-传染病学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
2.40%
发文量
366
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Epidemiology & Infection publishes original reports and reviews on all aspects of infection in humans and animals. Particular emphasis is given to the epidemiology, prevention and control of infectious diseases. The scope covers the zoonoses, outbreaks, food hygiene, vaccine studies, statistics and the clinical, social and public-health aspects of infectious disease, as well as some tropical infections. It has become the key international periodical in which to find the latest reports on recently discovered infections and new technology. For those concerned with policy and planning for the control of infections, the papers on mathematical modelling of epidemics caused by historical, current and emergent infections are of particular value.
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