Educational interventions in pharmacovigilance to improve the knowledge, attitude and the report of adverse drug reactions in healthcare professionals: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-01 DOI:10.1007/s40199-024-00508-z

Mónica J Cervantes-Arellano, Osvaldo D Castelán-Martínez, Yolanda Marín-Campos, Juan L Chávez-Pacheco, Olga Morales-Ríos, Laura M Ubaldo-Reyes

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Abstract

Objectives: Underreporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) limits and delays the detection of signs. The aim of this systematic review with meta-analyses was to synthesize the evidence of educational interventions (EIs) efficacy in health professionals to increase ADR reporting, attitudes, and knowledge of pharmacovigilance.

Evidence acquisition: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of EI in pharmacovigilance in health professionals to improve ADR reports, knowledge, and attitude toward pharmacovigilance. ADR reports were pooled by calculating Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), while pharmacovigilance knowledge and attitude were pooled by calculating a mean difference (MD) with 95%CI. In addition, the subanalysis was performed by EI type. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4 software. PROSPERO registry CRD42021254270.

Results: Eight hundred seventy-five articles were identified as potentially relevant, and 11 were included in the systematic review. Metanalysis showed that EI increased ADR reporting in comparison with control group (OR = 4.74, [95%CI, 2.46 to 9.12], I² = 93%, 5 studies). In subgroup analysis, the workshops (OR = 6.26, [95%CI, 4.03 to 9.73], I² = 57%, 3 studies) increased ADR reporting more than telephone-based interventions (OR = 2.59, [95%CI, 0.77 to 8.73], I² = 29%, 2 studies) or combined interventions (OR = 5.14, [95%CI, 0.97 to 27.26], I² = 93%, 3 studies). No difference was observed in pharmacovigilance knowledge. However, the subanalysis revealed that workshops increase pharmacovigilance knowledge (SMD = 1.85 [95%CI, 1.44 to 2.27], 1 study). Only one study evaluated ADR reporting attitude among participants and showed a positive effect after the intervention.

Conclusion: EI improves ADR reports and increases pharmacovigilance knowledge. Workshops are the most effective EI to increase ADR reporting.

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采取药物警戒教育干预措施，提高医护人员对药物不良反应的认识、态度和报告能力：系统回顾与元分析》。

目的：药物不良反应（ADRs）的漏报限制并延误了症状的发现。本系统性综述和荟萃分析旨在总结教育干预（EIs）对卫生专业人员提高药物不良反应报告率、态度和药物警戒知识的效果的证据：我们进行了系统性文献综述，以确定哪些随机临床试验评估了药物警戒教育干预对卫生专业人员提高ADR报告、知识和药物警戒态度的效果。ADR 报告的汇总方法是计算具有 95% 置信区间 (95%CI) 的比值比 (OR)，而药物警戒知识和态度的汇总方法是计算具有 95%CI 的平均差 (MD)。此外，还按 EI 类型进行了子分析。荟萃分析使用 RevMan 5.4 软件进行。PROSPERO登记号为CRD42021254270：确定了 875 篇可能相关的文章，其中 11 篇被纳入系统综述。元分析显示，与对照组相比，EI 增加了 ADR 报告（OR = 4.74，[95%CI，2.46 至 9.12]，I2 = 93%，5 项研究）。在分组分析中，研讨会（OR = 6.26，[95%CI，4.03 至 9.73]，I2 = 57%，3 项研究）比电话干预（OR = 2.59，[95%CI，0.77 至 8.73]，I2 = 29%，2 项研究）或综合干预（OR = 5.14，[95%CI，0.97 至 27.26]，I2 = 93%，3 项研究）更能提高 ADR 报告率。在药物警戒知识方面没有观察到差异。然而，子分析表明，研讨会增加了药物警戒知识（SMD = 1.85 [95%CI, 1.44 to 2.27]，1 项研究）。只有一项研究对参与者的 ADR 报告态度进行了评估，结果显示干预后产生了积极影响：EI 可改善 ADR 报告并增加药物警戒知识。研讨会是提高 ADR 报告率最有效的 EI。

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DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY-

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期刊介绍： DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences is a peer-reviewed journal published on behalf of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The journal encompasses all fields of the pharmaceutical sciences and presents timely research on all areas of drug conception, design, manufacture, classification and assessment. The term DARU is derived from the Persian name meaning drug or medicine. This journal is a unique platform to improve the knowledge of researchers and scientists by publishing novel articles including basic and clinical investigations from members of the global scientific community in the forms of original articles, systematic or narrative reviews, meta-analyses, letters, and short communications.