The spatio-temporal expression analysis of parathyroid hormone like hormone gene provides a new insight for bone growth of the antler tip tissue in sika deer.

IF 2.4 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Bioscience Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI:10.5713/ab.23.0421

Haihua Xing, Ruobing Han, Qianghui Wang, Zihui Sun, Heping Li

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Abstract

Objective: Parathyroid hormone like hormone (PTHLH), as an essential factor for bone growth, is involved in a variety of physiological processes. The aim of this study was to explore the role of PTHLH gene in the growth of antlers.

Methods: The coding sequence (CDS) of PTHLH gene cDNA was obtained by cloning in sika deer (Cervus nippon), and the bioinformatics was analyzed. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the differences expression of PTHLH mRNA in different tissues of the antler tip at different growth periods (early period, EP; middle period, MP; late period, LP).

Results: The CDS of PTHLH gene was 534 bp in length and encoded 177 amino acids. Predictive analysis results revealed that the PTHLH protein was a hydrophilic protein without transmembrane structure, with its secondary structure consisting mainly of random coil. The PTHLH protein of sika deer had the identity of 98.31%, 96.82%, 96.05%, and 94.92% with Cervus canadensis, Bos mutus, Oryx dammah and Budorcas taxicolor, which were highly conserved among the artiodactyls. The qRT-PCR results showed that PTHLH mRNA had a unique spatio-temporal expression pattern in antlers. In the dermis, precartilage, and cartilage tissues, the expression of PTHLH mRNA was extremely significantly higher in MP than in EP, LP (p<0.01). In the mesenchyme tissue, the expression of PTHLH mRNA in MP was significantly higher than that of EP (p<0.05), but extremely significantly lower than that of LP (p<0.01). The expression of PTHLH mRNA in antler tip tissues at all growth periods had approximately the same trend, that is, from distal to basal, it was first downregulated from the dermis to the mesenchyme and then continuously up-regulated to the cartilage tissue.

Conclusion: PTHLH gene may promote the rapid growth of antler mainly through its extensive regulatory effect on the antler tip tissue.

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甲状旁腺激素样激素基因的时空表达分析为梅花鹿角尖组织的骨骼生长提供了新的视角。

目的：甲状旁腺激素样激素（PTHLH）是骨骼生长的重要因子，参与多种生理过程。本研究旨在探讨 PTHLH 基因在鹿茸生长过程中的作用：方法：通过克隆获得梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）PTHLH基因cDNA的编码序列（CDS），并进行生物信息学分析。采用实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）分析了PTHLH mRNA在不同生长时期（早期，EP；中期，MP；晚期，LP）鹿茸顶端不同组织中的表达差异：PTHLH基因的CDS长度为534bp，编码177个氨基酸。预测分析结果显示，PTHLH 蛋白是一种亲水性蛋白，没有跨膜结构，其二级结构主要由随机线圈组成。梅花鹿的PTHLH蛋白与Cervus canadensis、Bos mutus、Oryx dammah和Budorcas taxicolor的同一性分别为98.31%、96.82%、96.05%和94.92%，在两足动物中高度保守。qRT-PCR结果显示，PTHLH mRNA在鹿角中具有独特的时空表达模式。在真皮、前软骨和软骨组织中，PTHLH mRNA在MP中的表达量极显著地高于在EP、LP中的表达量（p结论：PTHLH基因可能会促进鹿角的生长：PTHLH基因可能主要通过对鹿茸顶端组织的广泛调控作用来促进鹿茸的快速生长。

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