Rickettsia species identified in adult, host-seeking Dermacentor occidentalis (Acari: Ixodidae) from Baja California, Mexico, and Oregon and Washington, United States.

Christopher D Paddock, Maria L Zambrano, James R Clover, Stephen Ladd-Wilson, Elizabeth A Dykstra, Amy Salamone, David Kangiser, Bryan N Ayres, Savannah L Shooter, Sandor E Karpathy, Anne M Kjemtrup, Lorenza Beati, Michael L Levin, Robert S Lane, Oscar E Zazueta
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Abstract

The Pacific Coast tick (Dermacentor occidentalis Marx, 1892) is a frequently encountered and commonly reported human-biting tick species that has been recorded from most of California and parts of southwestern Oregon, southcentral Washington, and northwestern Mexico. Although previous investigators have surveyed populations of D. occidentalis for the presence of Rickettsia species across several regions of California, populations of this tick have not been surveyed heretofore for rickettsiae from Baja California, Oregon, or Washington. We evaluated 1,367 host-seeking, D. occidentalis adults collected from 2015 to 2022 by flagging vegetation at multiple sites in Baja California, Mexico, and Oregon and Washington, United States, using genus- and species-specific assays for spotted fever group rickettsiae. DNA of Rickettsia 364D, R. bellii, and R. tillamookensis was not detected in specimens from these regions. DNA of R. rhipicephali was detected in D. occidentalis specimens obtained from Ensenada Municipality in Baja California and southwestern Oregon, but not from Washington. All ompA sequences of R. rhipichephali that were amplified from individual ticks in southwestern Oregon were represented by a single genotype. DNA of the Ixodes pacificus rickettsial endosymbiont was amplified from specimens collected in southwestern Oregon and Klickitat County, Washington; to the best of our knowledge, this Rickettsia species has never been identified in D. occidentalis. Collectively, these data are consistent with a relatively recent introduction of Pacific Coast ticks in the northernmost extension of its recognized range.

在墨西哥下加利福尼亚州、美国俄勒冈州和华盛顿州寻找宿主的成虫 Dermacentor occidentalis(Acari: Ixodidae)体内发现的立克次体种类。
太平洋沿岸蜱(Dermacentor occidentalis Marx,1892 年)是一种经常出现和常见的人咬蜱物种,在加利福尼亚州大部分地区、俄勒冈州西南部、华盛顿州中南部和墨西哥西北部都有记录。尽管之前的研究人员已经对加利福尼亚州多个地区的 D. occidentalis 种群进行了立克次体调查,但迄今为止还没有对下加利福尼亚州、俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的这种蜱虫种群进行立克次体调查。我们对 2015 年至 2022 年期间在墨西哥下加利福尼亚州、美国俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的多个地点通过标记植被收集到的 1367 只寻找宿主的 D. occidentalis 成虫进行了评估,并使用属种特异性检测方法检测了斑疹热立克次体。在这些地区的标本中未检测到立克次体 364D、R. bellii 和 R. tillamookensis 的 DNA。在下加利福尼亚州恩塞纳达市和俄勒冈州西南部采集的西氏睾丸炎标本中检测到 R. rhipicephali 的 DNA,但在华盛顿州的标本中未检测到。从俄勒冈州西南部的蜱个体中扩增出的 R. rhipichephali 的所有 ompA 序列均由一个基因型代表。从俄勒冈州西南部和华盛顿州克里基塔特县采集的标本中扩增出了太平洋伊科立克次体内共生体的DNA;据我们所知,这种立克次体从未在D. occidentalis中被鉴定出来。总之,这些数据表明,太平洋沿岸的蜱虫是最近才传入其公认分布区最北端的。
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