Physical, cognitive, and social activities as mediators between personality and cognition: evidence from four prospective samples.

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q3 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Aging & Mental Health Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1080/13607863.2024.2320135

Yannick Stephan, Angelina R Sutin, Martina Luchetti, Damaris Aschwanden, Antonio Terracciano

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: The present study examined how activity engagement mediates the association between personality and cognition.

Methods: Participants were middle-aged and older adults (Age range: 24-93 years; N > 16,000) from the Midlife in the United States Study, the Health and Retirement Study, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study of Aging. In each sample, personality traits and demographic factors were assessed at baseline, engagement in cognitive, physical, and social activities was assessed in a second wave, and cognition was measured in a third wave, 8 to 20 years later.

Results: Random-effect meta-analyses indicated that lower neuroticism and higher extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness were prospectively associated with better cognition. Most of these associations were partly mediated by greater engagement in physical and cognitive activities but not social activities. Physical activity accounted for 7% (neuroticism) to 50% (extraversion) and cognitive activity accounted for 14% (neuroticism) to 45% (extraversion) of the association with cognition.

Conclusion: The present study provides replicable evidence that physical and cognitive activities partly mediate the prospective association between personality traits and cognitive functioning.

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体育、认知和社交活动是人格与认知之间的中介：来自四个前瞻性样本的证据。

研究目的本研究探讨了活动参与如何调节性格与认知之间的关系：参与者为美国中年研究、健康与退休研究、英国老龄化纵向研究和威斯康星老龄化纵向研究中的中老年人（年龄范围：24-93 岁；N > 16,000 人）。在每个样本中，人格特征和人口统计因素在基线时进行评估，参与认知、体力和社交活动的情况在第二波进行评估，认知情况在 8 至 20 年后的第三波进行测量：随机效应荟萃分析表明，较低的神经质和较高的外向性、开放性和自觉性与较好的认知能力有前瞻性关联。这些关联中的大部分在一定程度上是通过更多地参与体育和认知活动而非社交活动来调节的。在与认知相关的因素中，体育活动占 7%（神经质）到 50%（外向性），认知活动占 14%（神经质）到 45%（外向性）：本研究提供了可复制的证据，证明身体活动和认知活动在一定程度上介导了人格特质与认知功能之间的前瞻性关联。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aging & Mental Health 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

2.90%

发文量

176

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Aging & Mental Health provides a leading international forum for the rapidly expanding field which investigates the relationship between the aging process and mental health. The journal addresses the mental changes associated with normal and abnormal or pathological aging, as well as the psychological and psychiatric problems of the aging population. The journal also has a strong commitment to interdisciplinary and innovative approaches that explore new topics and methods. Aging & Mental Health covers the biological, psychological and social aspects of aging as they relate to mental health. In particular it encourages an integrated approach for examining various biopsychosocial processes and etiological factors associated with psychological changes in the elderly. It also emphasizes the various strategies, therapies and services which may be directed at improving the mental health of the elderly and their families. In this way the journal promotes a strong alliance among the theoretical, experimental and applied sciences across a range of issues affecting mental health and aging. The emphasis of the journal is on rigorous quantitative, and qualitative, research and, high quality innovative studies on emerging topics.