Whose experts? How federalism shaped psychiatry in the late Habsburg monarchy.

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 Q4 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
History of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-25 DOI:10.1177/0957154X231224651
Clemens Ableidinger
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The late Habsburg period (1867-1918) created a constitutional dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. This paper discusses the role of psychiatry in Cisleithania, both as a developing profession and as a distinct 'policy field'. Tension between psychiatry's academic professionalisation and the creation of public institutions as signature projects by individual crownlands created complex relationships between psychiatry and politics. In federalist Cisleithania, psychiatrists became very 'political': whether employed by the state or a crownland influenced their position on policy, despite claiming that their expert knowledge was 'scientific' and 'objective'. The conflicts between asylum-based and academic psychiatrists mirrored those between the central state and the crownlands. This led to intractable delays in mental health law reform, eventually resolved by Imperial decree in 1916.

谁的专家?联邦制如何塑造了哈布斯堡君主制后期的精神病学。
哈布斯堡王朝晚期(1867-1918 年)建立了奥匈帝国的二元君主立宪制。本文讨论了精神病学在西斯莱塔尼亚所扮演的角色,它既是一个发展中的专业,也是一个独特的 "政策领域"。精神病学的学术专业化与各王室作为标志性项目创建公共机构之间的紧张关系造成了精神病学与政治之间的复杂关系。在联邦制的西斯莱塔尼亚,精神病学家变得非常 "政治化":尽管他们声称自己的专业知识是 "科学的"、"客观的",但受雇于国家还是受雇于王室都会影响他们对政策的立场。庇护所精神科医生和学术精神科医生之间的冲突反映了中央政府和王国之间的冲突。这导致了精神健康法改革的艰难拖延,最终于 1916 年通过帝国法令解决了这一问题。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
16.70%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: History of Psychiatry publishes research articles, analysis and information across the entire field of the history of mental illness and the forms of medicine, psychiatry, cultural response and social policy which have evolved to understand and treat it. It covers all periods of history up to the present day, and all nations and cultures.
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