Patient barriers and facilitators for making environmental and behavioral modifications for dry eye in the United States.

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Optometry and Vision Science Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-10 DOI:10.1097/OPX.0000000000002105
Ian J Saldanha, Rebecca Petris, Cristos Ifantides, Scott G Hauswirth, Darren G Gregory, Riaz Qureshi, Paul McCann, Su-Hsun Liu, Alison G Abraham, Tianjing Li
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Managing dry eye disease (DED) is expensive. Often, prescribed treatments improve clinical signs but not patient-reported symptoms. In large surveys, clinicians and patients ranked environmental and behavioral modifications among the most important DED-related research priorities. Our purpose was to investigate the barriers to and facilitators of use of these modifications by patients with DED in the United States and how their use may be impacted by socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods: Using Qualtrics, we conducted an anonymous online survey of adults with DED living in the United States in August to September 2022. Patients were identified through the Dry Eye Foundation, Sjögren's Foundation, and a DED clinic in Colorado. We used an established index for classifying respondent SES based on education, household income, and employment. Outcomes included use of environmental and behavioral modifications and barriers to and facilitators of their use.

Results: We included 754 respondents (SES: 382 low, 275 high, and 97 unclear). Most were aged 18 to 49 years (67%), female (68%), and White (76%) and reported dealing with DED for ≤5 years (67%). The most frequent modifications were taking breaks to rest eyes (68%), increasing water intake (68%), and using hot/cold compresses (52%). For these three, the biggest facilitators were as follows: belief that the modification works (27 to 37%), being recommended it (24 to 26%), and ease of use/performance (21 to 32%). Across modifications, the biggest barriers were difficulty of use (55%), lack of family/employer/social/community support (33%), and lack of awareness (32%). The data do not suggest discernible patterns of differences in barriers or facilitators by SES.

Conclusions: Greater emphasis should be placed on explaining to patients how environmental and behavioral modifications might mitigate DED. Employers and members of patients' support systems should be guided regarding how best to support patients in managing DED symptoms.

美国干眼症患者改变环境和行为的障碍和促进因素。
背景:干眼症(DED)的治疗费用昂贵。通常,处方治疗能改善临床症状,但不能改善患者报告的症状。在大型调查中,临床医生和患者将环境和行为改变列为最重要的 DED 相关研究重点。我们的目的是调查美国 DED 患者使用这些调整措施的障碍和促进因素,以及社会经济地位 (SES) 对其使用的影响:我们在 2022 年 8 月至 9 月期间使用 Qualtrics 对居住在美国的成人 DED 患者进行了匿名在线调查。我们通过干眼症基金会、Sjögren's 基金会和科罗拉多州的一家 DED 诊所确定了患者。我们根据教育程度、家庭收入和就业情况,采用既定指数对受访者的社会经济地位进行分类。结果包括环境和行为改变的使用情况,以及使用环境和行为改变的障碍和促进因素:我们纳入了 754 名受访者(SES:382 名低,275 名高,97 名不清楚)。大多数受访者的年龄在 18 至 49 岁之间(67%),女性(68%),白人(76%),并称与 DED 打交道的时间不超过 5 年(67%)。最常见的治疗方法是休息让眼睛得到休息(68%)、增加饮水量(68%)和使用热敷/冷敷(52%)。对于这三种方法,最大的促进因素如下:相信这种方法有效(27% 到 37%),有人推荐(24% 到 26%),易于使用/执行(21% 到 32%)。在所有改装项目中,最大的障碍是使用困难(55%)、缺乏家庭/雇主/社会/社区支持(33%)和缺乏认识(32%)。这些数据并没有显示出不同社会经济地位的人在障碍或促进因素方面存在明显的差异:结论:应更加重视向患者解释环境和行为改变可如何减轻 DED。应指导雇主和患者支持系统成员如何最好地支持患者控制 DED 症状。
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来源期刊
Optometry and Vision Science
Optometry and Vision Science 医学-眼科学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
7.10%
发文量
210
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Optometry and Vision Science is the monthly peer-reviewed scientific publication of the American Academy of Optometry, publishing original research since 1924. Optometry and Vision Science is an internationally recognized source for education and information on current discoveries in optometry, physiological optics, vision science, and related fields. The journal considers original contributions that advance clinical practice, vision science, and public health. Authors should remember that the journal reaches readers worldwide and their submissions should be relevant and of interest to a broad audience. Topical priorities include, but are not limited to: clinical and laboratory research, evidence-based reviews, contact lenses, ocular growth and refractive error development, eye movements, visual function and perception, biology of the eye and ocular disease, epidemiology and public health, biomedical optics and instrumentation, novel and important clinical observations and treatments, and optometric education.
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