Dietary flexibility of the greater bamboo lemur (Prolemur simus), a specialized feeder, in eastern Madagascar

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
T. Hasimija Mihaminekena, Ando N. Rakotonanahary, Cynthia L. Frasier, Hery N. T. Randriahaingo, Timothy M. Sefczek, Jen Tinsman, H. Lucien Randrianarimanana, Maholy Ravaloharimanitra, Toky Hery Rakotoarinivo, Jonah Ratsimbazafy, Tony King, Edward E. Louis
{"title":"Dietary flexibility of the greater bamboo lemur (Prolemur simus), a specialized feeder, in eastern Madagascar","authors":"T. Hasimija Mihaminekena,&nbsp;Ando N. Rakotonanahary,&nbsp;Cynthia L. Frasier,&nbsp;Hery N. T. Randriahaingo,&nbsp;Timothy M. Sefczek,&nbsp;Jen Tinsman,&nbsp;H. Lucien Randrianarimanana,&nbsp;Maholy Ravaloharimanitra,&nbsp;Toky Hery Rakotoarinivo,&nbsp;Jonah Ratsimbazafy,&nbsp;Tony King,&nbsp;Edward E. Louis","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23609","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The degree of dietary flexibility in primates is species specific; some incorporate a wider array of resources than others. Extreme interannual weather variability in Madagascar results in seasonal resource scarcity which has been linked to specialized behaviors in lemurs. <i>Prolemur simus</i>, for example, has been considered an obligate specialist on large culm bamboo with &gt;60% of its diet composed of woody bamboos requiring morphological and physiological adaptations to process. Recent studies reported an ever-expanding list of dietary items, suggesting that this species may not be an obligate specialist. However, long-term quantitative feeding data are unavailable across this species’ range. To explore the dietary flexibility of <i>P. simus</i>, we collected data at two northern sites, Ambalafary and Sahavola, and one southern site, Vatovavy, from September 2010 to January 2016 and May 2017 to September 2018, respectively. In total, we recorded 4022 h of behavioral data using instantaneous sampling of adult males and females from one group in Ambalafary, and two groups each in Sahavola and Vatovavy. We recorded 45 plant species eaten by <i>P. simus</i> over 7 years. We also observed significant differences in seasonal dietary composition between study sites. In Ambalafary, bamboo was the most frequently observed resource consumed (92.2%); however, non-bamboo resources comprised nearly one-third of the diet of <i>P. simus</i> in Sahavola and over 60% in Vatovavy. Consumption of all bamboo resources increased during the dry season at Ambalafary and during the wet season at Vatovavy, but never exceeded non-bamboo feeding at the latter. Culm pith feeding was only observed at Ambalafary, where it was more common during the dry season. We identify <i>P. simus</i> as a bamboo facultative specialist capable of adjusting its feeding behavior to its environment, indicating greater dietary flexibility than previously documented, which may enable the species to survive in increasingly degraded habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"86 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajp.23609","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Primatology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajp.23609","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ZOOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The degree of dietary flexibility in primates is species specific; some incorporate a wider array of resources than others. Extreme interannual weather variability in Madagascar results in seasonal resource scarcity which has been linked to specialized behaviors in lemurs. Prolemur simus, for example, has been considered an obligate specialist on large culm bamboo with >60% of its diet composed of woody bamboos requiring morphological and physiological adaptations to process. Recent studies reported an ever-expanding list of dietary items, suggesting that this species may not be an obligate specialist. However, long-term quantitative feeding data are unavailable across this species’ range. To explore the dietary flexibility of P. simus, we collected data at two northern sites, Ambalafary and Sahavola, and one southern site, Vatovavy, from September 2010 to January 2016 and May 2017 to September 2018, respectively. In total, we recorded 4022 h of behavioral data using instantaneous sampling of adult males and females from one group in Ambalafary, and two groups each in Sahavola and Vatovavy. We recorded 45 plant species eaten by P. simus over 7 years. We also observed significant differences in seasonal dietary composition between study sites. In Ambalafary, bamboo was the most frequently observed resource consumed (92.2%); however, non-bamboo resources comprised nearly one-third of the diet of P. simus in Sahavola and over 60% in Vatovavy. Consumption of all bamboo resources increased during the dry season at Ambalafary and during the wet season at Vatovavy, but never exceeded non-bamboo feeding at the latter. Culm pith feeding was only observed at Ambalafary, where it was more common during the dry season. We identify P. simus as a bamboo facultative specialist capable of adjusting its feeding behavior to its environment, indicating greater dietary flexibility than previously documented, which may enable the species to survive in increasingly degraded habitats.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

马达加斯加东部专食大竹叶狐猴(Prolemur simus)的饮食灵活性。
灵长类动物饮食的灵活程度因物种而异;有些灵长类动物比其他灵长类动物吸收更多的资源。马达加斯加年际极端天气变化导致季节性资源稀缺,这与狐猴的专门行为有关。例如,狐猴(Prolemur simus)一直被认为是大型秆竹的专食动物,其食物的 60% 以上都是木质竹子,需要在形态和生理上进行适应性处理。最近的研究报告显示,该物种的食性不断扩大,这表明它可能并不是唯一的专食动物。然而,在该物种的分布区内还没有长期的定量摄食数据。为了探索西马鸥的食性灵活性,我们分别于2010年9月至2016年1月和2017年5月至2018年9月在两个北部地点(安巴拉法里和萨哈沃拉)和一个南部地点(瓦托瓦维)收集了数据。我们通过对安巴拉法里的一个群、萨哈沃拉和瓦托瓦维各两个群的成年雄性和雌性进行瞬时取样,总共记录了4022小时的行为数据。我们记录了 7 年间西马豹食用的 45 种植物。我们还观察到研究地点之间季节性食物组成的明显差异。在安巴拉法里,竹子是观察到的最常食用的资源(92.2%);然而,在萨哈沃拉和瓦托瓦维,非竹子资源占褐马鸡食物的近三分之一,超过60%。在Ambalafary的旱季和Vatovavy的雨季,所有竹子资源的摄食量都有所增加,但在后者从未超过非竹子的摄食量。只有在安巴拉法里观察到秆髓取食,而且在旱季更为常见。我们认为竹荚鲉是一种竹子专食动物,能够根据环境调整其取食行为,这表明它的食性比以前记录的更灵活,这可能使该物种能够在日益退化的生境中生存。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The objective of the American Journal of Primatology is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings among primatologists and to convey our increasing understanding of this order of animals to specialists and interested readers alike. Primatology is an unusual science in that its practitioners work in a wide variety of departments and institutions, live in countries throughout the world, and carry out a vast range of research procedures. Whether we are anthropologists, psychologists, biologists, or medical researchers, whether we live in Japan, Kenya, Brazil, or the United States, whether we conduct naturalistic observations in the field or experiments in the lab, we are united in our goal of better understanding primates. Our studies of nonhuman primates are of interest to scientists in many other disciplines ranging from entomology to sociology.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信