Phenological growth stages of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton): Detailed identification and description using the extended BBCH scale

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Applied Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI:10.1111/aab.12895

Hosahalli Jagannathagowda Akshitha, Mundagodu Somashekar Shivakumar, Shettahallikoppalu Javaraiah Ankegowda

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum Maton) is an important spice crop with high market value. In this study, we describe the phenological growth stages of cardamom using a three-digit extended Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie (BBCH) scale, which includes eight principal growth stages, comprising four vegetative, two reproductive and two capsule development stages. Additionally, we identified 45 secondary stages within these principal growth stages, providing a comprehensive characterisation of the crop's growth progression, including bud development, leaf emergence, tillering and shoot development, while the reproductive stages included inflorescence emergence and flowering. The capsule development stage details the maturation process of capsules. The study also highlights the parallel occurrence of tillering, shoot development and inflorescence emergence stages during specific growth phases. The knowledge of growth stages facilitates timely interventions, optimising crop management strategies and enhancing overall crop productivity. Additionally, these findings offer valuable insights for breeding programmes and the selection of superior genotypes, contributing to the sustainable cultivation and economic viability of cardamom as an important export-oriented spice crop.

Highlights

BBCH scale provides uniform coding for different growth stages of cardamom.
Identified and described eight principal growth stages (PGS).
PGS comprises of 4 vegetative, 2 reproductive and 2 capsule development stages.
45 secondary stages were identified within 8 principal growth stages.
Tillering, shoot development and inflorescence emergence occurs parallelly.

Abstract Image

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豆蔻（Elettaria cardamomum Maton）的物候学生长阶段：使用扩展的 BBCH 标度进行详细鉴定和描述

小豆蔻（Elettaria cardamomum Maton）是一种重要的香料作物，具有很高的市场价值。在本研究中，我们使用生物、联邦和中国工业部（BBCH）的三位数扩展量表描述了小豆蔻的物候生长阶段，其中包括八个主要生长阶段，包括四个无性生殖阶段、两个生殖阶段和两个蒴果发育阶段。此外，我们还在这些主要生长阶段中确定了 45 个次要阶段，全面描述了作物的生长进程，包括芽的发育、叶的萌发、分蘖和芽的发育，而生殖阶段则包括花序的萌发和开花。蒴果发育阶段详细描述了蒴果的成熟过程。研究还强调了在特定的生长阶段，分蘖期、嫩枝发育期和花序萌发期同时出现。对生长阶段的了解有助于及时干预，优化作物管理策略，提高作物的整体生产力。此外，这些发现还为育种计划和选择优良基因型提供了宝贵的见解，有助于豆蔻作为一种重要的出口型香料作物的可持续种植和经济可行性。

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来源期刊

Annals of Applied Biology 生物-农业综合

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

18-36 weeks

期刊介绍： Annals of Applied Biology is an international journal sponsored by the Association of Applied Biologists. The journal publishes original research papers on all aspects of applied research on crop production, crop protection and the cropping ecosystem. The journal is published both online and in six printed issues per year. Annals papers must contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge and may, among others, encompass the scientific disciplines of: Agronomy Agrometeorology Agrienvironmental sciences Applied genomics Applied metabolomics Applied proteomics Biodiversity Biological control Climate change Crop ecology Entomology Genetic manipulation Molecular biology Mycology Nematology Pests Plant pathology Plant breeding & genetics Plant physiology Post harvest biology Soil science Statistics Virology Weed biology Annals also welcomes reviews of interest in these subject areas. Reviews should be critical surveys of the field and offer new insights. All papers are subject to peer review. Papers must usually contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge in applied biology but short papers discussing techniques or substantiated results, and reviews of current knowledge of interest to applied biologists will be considered for publication. Papers or reviews must not be offered to any other journal for prior or simultaneous publication and normally average seven printed pages.