Upgrading of Pyrolytic Char Generated from Waste Tyre Pyrolysis for Solid Tyre Industry

Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI:10.31357/fesympo.v27.6606

De Zoysa D.M.D.A., Hewage J.S., Sudusingha Y.C.Y., Ranaweera S.A.

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Abstract

In Sri Lanka, accumulation of tons of low-quality pyrolytic char (PT-char) in pyrolysis plants is a significant issue in waste tyre management. Finding a solution to upgrade low-quality PT-char is urgent in Sri Lankan context as it initiates a method of finding a solution to the disposal issue of PT-char. As a result, the current study introduces an efficient and cost-effective routine for upgrading low grade PT-char into value-added products which is not being successful before. The upgrading method entails carefully regulating size reduction of the low-grade PT-char (particle size<50 μm) and following optimization of acid-base demineralization parameters. After the size reduction of PT–char, demineralization procedure was introduced using low char: acid/base ratios (1:2), diluted acids and bases (2 M HCl and 2 M NaOH), low temperatures (30 0C-60 0C), and short reaction times (30-60 minutes). Purity and surface characteristics of upgraded char were investigated using XRD, elemental analysis, SEM, and TGA. Based on a CHN analysis, 67% (w/w) of initial carbon content of crude C-PT char was increased up to 91% (w/w) by washing it twice with 2 M HCl and once with 2 M NaOH (2 M H2+2 M S) while reducing ash content from 17.65% (w/w) to 3.59% (w/w). Significance removal of metals such as Zn (1.14% w/w) , Fe (0.34% w/w), Mg (0.25% w/w) and Ca (2.71% w/w) from C-PT char were observed after treating with 2 M H2+2M S (Zn 0.36%w/w , Fe 0.06%w/w, Mg 0.01%w/w and Ca 0.01% w/w). Removal of Zn from C-PT char further confirmed by XRD and surface modification was confirmed by SEM images. Additionally, the rheological and physico-mechanical properties of the upgraded char incorporated solid tyre base compounds were evaluated and compared with commercial grades of carbon black; N 330, and N 660. It was observed that tensile strength, tear strength, hardness and compression properties of purified PT-char incorporated rubber compounds were not significantly different and exhibit resemble properties to the samples prepared using commercial carbon black grades. Overall, it can be confirmed that upgraded PT char has a significant potential to be used as an economical alternative for reinforcement filler in solid tyre industry and upgrading procedure is efficient and economically viable than the conventional methods. Keywords: Pyrolytic char, Demineralization, Purification, Modification

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提升废轮胎热解产生的热解炭，用于固体轮胎工业

在斯里兰卡，热解工厂积累的成吨低质热解炭（PT-炭）是废弃轮胎管理中的一个重要问题。在斯里兰卡，寻找低质热解炭升级的解决方案迫在眉睫，因为它开启了寻找解决热解炭处置问题的方法。因此，本研究引入了一种高效且具有成本效益的方法，将低品位的 PT-char 升级为高附加值产品。该升级方法需要仔细调节低品位 PT-炭的粒度（粒度小于 50 μm），并优化酸碱脱矿参数。在减小 PT-char 的粒度后，采用低炭：酸/碱比（1:2）、稀释酸碱（2 M HCl 和 2 M NaOH）、低温（30 0C-60 0C）和短反应时间（30-60 分钟）的脱矿程序。使用 XRD、元素分析、SEM 和 TGA 研究了升级炭的纯度和表面特性。根据 CHN 分析，通过用 2 M HCl 和 2 M NaOH（2 M H2+2 M S）各洗涤两次，粗 C-PT 炭的初始碳含量从 67%（w/w）增加到 91%（w/w），灰分含量从 17.65%（w/w）降低到 3.59%（w/w）。使用 2 M H2+2 M S 处理后，C-PT 炭中的锌 (1.14% w/w)、铁 (0.34% w/w)、镁 (0.25% w/w) 和钙 (2.71% w/w) 等金属的去除率显著提高（锌 0.36% w/w、铁 0.06% w/w、镁 0.01% w/w 和钙 0.01% w/w）。XRD 进一步证实了 C-PT 炭中锌的去除，SEM 图像证实了表面改性。此外，还对添加了升级炭的实心轮胎胶料的流变学和物理机械性能进行了评估，并与商品级炭黑 N 330 和 N 660 进行了比较。结果表明，纯化 PT-炭结合橡胶化合物的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、硬度和压缩性能与使用商业级炭黑制备的样品无明显差异，且表现出相似的性能。总之，可以肯定的是，升级后的 PT 炭在实心轮胎工业中作为补强填料的经济替代品具有很大的潜力，而且升级程序比传统方法更有效、更经济。关键词热解炭去矿物质净化改性

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Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium

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