Thermal proficiency of magnetized and radiative cross-ternary hybrid nanofluid flow induced by a vertical cylinder

Abstract

The ternary hybrid nanofluid leads to a significant enhancement in thermal performance applications like heat transfer in automotive engines, solar thermal energy storage, aerospace, and electronic cooling. The present study investigates the thermal characteristics of a ternary hybrid magnetized and radiated cross nanofluid comprising Al2O3, TiO2, and Ag nanoparticles in water subjected to combined convection flow around a vertical cylinder. Furthermore, innovative effects of the magnetic field, absorber surface of the cylinder, non-linear thermal radiations, and effective thermophysical characteristics of ternary nanofluid are taken, and a new model for heat transport is successfully achieved. The governing equations in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) are obtained through Navier–Stokes and heat equations by applying current assumptions. The system of PDEs is converted into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via a similarity variable. The built-in code bvp4c in Matlab software further exercises the dimensionless ODE equations numerically. Adding multiple nanoparticles and the magnetic field effect enhances the heat transfer rate in the ternary hybrid cross nanofluid. The Weissenberg number reduces the velocity, the radiation parameter increases heat transport, and the increased volume friction of nanoparticles enhances thermal conductivity and rapid heat transport.