Early diversification dynamics in a highly successful insular plant taxon are consistent with the general dynamic model of oceanic island biogeography

IF 3.7 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Jay Edneil C. Olivar, Frank Hauenschild, Hannah J. Atkins, Gemma L.C. Bramley, Alexandra N. Muellner‐Riehl
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Abstract

The general dynamic model (GDM) of oceanic island biogeography views oceanic islands predominantly as sinks rather than sources of dispersing lineages. To test this, we conducted a biogeographic analysis of a highly successful insular plant taxon, Cyrtandra, and inferred the directionality of dispersal and founder events throughout the four biogeographical units of the Indo‐Australian Archipelago (IAA), namely Sunda, Wallacea, Philippines, and Sahul. Sunda was recovered as the major source area, followed by Wallacea, a system of oceanic islands. The relatively high number of events originating from Wallacea is attributed to its central location in the IAA and its complex geological history selecting for increased dispersibility. We also tested if diversification dynamics in Cyrtandra follow predictions of adaptive radiation, which is the dominant process as per the GDM. Diversification dynamics of dispersing lineages of Cyrtandra in the Southeast Asian grade showed early bursts followed by a plateau, which is consistent with adaptive radiation. We did not detect signals of diversity‐dependent diversification, and this is attributed to Southeast Asian cyrtandras occupying various niche spaces, evident by their wide morphological range in habit and floral characters. The Pacific clade, which arrived at the immaturity phase of the Pacific Islands, showed diversification dynamics predicted by the island immaturity speciation pulse model (IISP), wherein rates increase exponentially, and their morphological range is controlled by the least action effect favoring woodiness and fleshy fruits. Our study provides a first step toward a framework for investigating diversification dynamics as predicted by the GDM in highly successful insular taxa.
一个非常成功的海岛植物类群的早期多样化动态与海洋岛屿生物地理学的一般动态模型相一致
大洋岛屿生物地理学的一般动态模型(GDM)认为,大洋岛屿主要是扩散种系的汇集地,而非来源地。为了验证这一观点,我们对一个非常成功的海岛植物类群 Cyrtandra 进行了生物地理学分析,并推断了在印澳群岛(IAA)的四个生物地理单元(即巽他、瓦拉塞、菲律宾和萨胡尔)中扩散和创始事件的方向性。巽他群岛被认为是主要的起源区,其次是瓦拉塞斯群岛(一个大洋岛屿系统)。源于瓦拉塞岛的事件数量相对较多,这是因为瓦拉塞岛位于国际陆地生物圈保护区的中心位置,其复杂的地质历史选择了更高的分散性。我们还测试了Cyrtandra的多样化动态是否遵循了适应性辐射的预测,而适应性辐射是GDM的主导过程。东南亚等级的胭脂树分散品系的多样化动态显示出早期的爆发,随后是一个高原,这与适应性辐射是一致的。我们没有检测到依赖多样性的多样化信号,这是因为东南亚的胭脂树占据了不同的生态位空间,它们在习性和花特征方面的形态差异很大。太平洋支系到达太平洋岛屿的未成熟阶段时,表现出岛屿未成熟物种变异脉冲模型(IISP)所预测的变异动态,即变异率呈指数增长,其形态范围受有利于木质和肉质果实的最小作用效应的控制。我们的研究为研究高度成功的海岛类群的 GDM 预测的多样化动态提供了一个框架,迈出了第一步。
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来源期刊
Journal of Systematics and Evolution
Journal of Systematics and Evolution Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
8.10%
发文量
1368
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Systematics and Evolution (JSE, since 2008; formerly Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica) is a plant-based international journal newly dedicated to the description and understanding of the biological diversity. It covers: description of new taxa, monographic revision, phylogenetics, molecular evolution and genome evolution, evolutionary developmental biology, evolutionary ecology, population biology, conservation biology, biogeography, paleobiology, evolutionary theories, and related subjects.
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