One Health in action: Investigation of the first detected local cluster of fatal borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) encephalitis, Germany 2022

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 VIROLOGY

Journal of Clinical Virology Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105658

Merle M. Böhmer , Viola C. Haring , Barbara Schmidt , Franziska S. Saller , Liza Coyer , Lidia Chitimia-Dobler , Gerhard Dobler , Dennis Tappe , Andrea Bonakdar , Arnt Ebinger , Gertrud Knoll , Lisa Eidenschink , Anette Rohrhofer , Hans Helmut Niller , Katharina Katz , Philip Starcky , Martin Beer , Rainer G. Ulrich , Dennis Rubbenstroth , Markus Bauswein

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Zoonotic Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) causes fatal encephalitis in humans and animals. Subsequent to the detection of two paediatric cases in a Bavarian municipality in Germany within three years, we conducted an interdisciplinary One Health investigation. We aimed to explore seroprevalence in a local human population with a risk for BoDV-1 exposure as well as viral presence in environmental samples from local sites and BoDV-1 prevalence within the local small mammal population and its natural reservoir, the bicoloured white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon).

Methods

The municipality's adult residents participated in an anonymised sero-epidemiological study. Potential risk factors and clinical symptoms were assessed by an electronic questionnaire. Small mammals, environmental samples and ticks from the municipality were tested for BoDV-1-RNA. Shrew-derived BoDV-1-sequences together with sequences of the two human cases were phylogenetically analysed.

Results

In total, 679 citizens participated (response: 41 %), of whom 38 % reported shrews in their living environment and 19 % direct shrew contact. No anti-BoDV-1 antibodies were detected in human samples. BoDV-1-RNA was also undetectable in 38 environmental samples and 336 ticks. Of 220 collected shrews, twelve of 40 C. leucodon (30%) tested BoDV-1-RNA-positive. BoDV-1-sequences from the previously diagnosed two paediatric patients belonged to two different subclades, that were also present in shrews from the municipality.

Interpretation

Our data support the interpretation that human BoDV-1 infections are rare even in endemic areas and primarily manifest as severe encephalitis. Sequence analysis linked both previous paediatric human infections to the local shrew population, but indicated independent infection sources.

Funding

The project was partly financed by funds of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (grant numbers: 01KI2005A, 01KI2005C, 01KI1722A, 01KI1722C, 01KI2002 to MaBe, DR, RGU, DT, BS) as well as by the ReForM-A programme of the University Hospital Regensburg (to MaBa) and by funds of the Bavarian State Ministry of Health, Care and Prevention, project “Zoonotic Bornavirus Focal Point Bavaria – ZooBoFo” (to MaBa, MaBe, BS, MMB, DR, PS, RGU).

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一个健康在行动：德国首次发现致命性博尔纳病病毒 1（BoDV-1）脑炎地方集群的调查 2022 年

背景人畜共患病博尔纳病病毒 1（BoDV-1）会导致人类和动物患上致命的脑炎。德国巴伐利亚州的一个城市在三年内发现了两例儿童病例，随后我们开展了一项跨学科的 "同一健康 "调查。我们的目的是调查当地有接触 BoDV-1 风险的人群中的血清流行率、当地环境样本中的病毒存在率以及当地小型哺乳动物及其自然贮藏库--双色白齿鼩（Crocidura leucodon）--中的 BoDV-1 流行率。通过电子问卷对潜在风险因素和临床症状进行了评估。对该市的小型哺乳动物、环境样本和蜱虫进行了 BoDV-1-RNA 检测。结果共有 679 名市民参加了调查（回复率：41%），其中 38% 的人称其生活环境中有鼩鼱，19% 的人称直接接触过鼩鼱。人类样本中未检测到抗 BoDV-1 抗体。在 38 份环境样本和 336 只蜱虫中也未检测到 BoDV-1-RNA 。在采集的 220 只鼩鼱中，40 只 C. leucodon 中有 12 只（30%）检测出 BoDV-1-RNA 阳性。之前确诊的两名儿科患者的 BoDV-1 序列属于两个不同的亚支系，这些亚支系也存在于该市的鼩鼱中。序列分析将之前的两例儿科人类感染病例与当地鼩鼱种群联系起来，但表明感染源是独立的：本项目部分经费来自德国联邦教育与研究部（资助编号：01KI2005A、01KI2005C、01KI1722A、01KI1722C、01KI2002，资助人：MaBe、DR、RGU、DT、BS）、雷根斯堡大学医院的ReForM-A项目（资助人：MaBa）以及巴伐利亚州卫生、保健和预防部的 "巴伐利亚州人畜共患病出生病毒联络点 - ZooBoFo "项目（资助人：MaBa、MaBe、BS、MMB、DR、PS、RGU）。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Virology 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

22.70

自引率

1.10%

发文量

149

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Clinical Virology, an esteemed international publication, serves as the official journal for both the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology and The European Society for Clinical Virology. Dedicated to advancing the understanding of human virology in clinical settings, the Journal of Clinical Virology focuses on disseminating research papers and reviews pertaining to the clinical aspects of virology. Its scope encompasses articles discussing diagnostic methodologies and virus-induced clinical conditions, with an emphasis on practicality and relevance to clinical practice. The journal publishes on topics that include: • new diagnostic technologies • nucleic acid amplification and serologic testing • targeted and metagenomic next-generation sequencing • emerging pandemic viral threats • respiratory viruses • transplant viruses • chronic viral infections • cancer-associated viruses • gastrointestinal viruses • central nervous system viruses • one health (excludes animal health)