3D numerical simulation of airflow structure and dust emissions from an open storage pile behind a dynamic solid fence-deflector

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Ouiza Bouarour , Aonghus McNabola , Battista Grosso , Brian Considine , Alessio Lai , Francesco Pinna , Valentina Dentoni
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Open storage yards at industrial sites represent a significant fugitive dust emission source. Granular material subjected to wind erosion may emit significant dust into the atmosphere. Several windbreaks and fences with different shapes have been proposed to control and reduce those emissions. Solid fences are commonly erected around the open yard (i.e., open bays) to prevent and reduce those emissions, even though they have some limitations. The present study aims to enhance the effectiveness of solid fences by coupling them with dynamic wind deflectors. Computational fluid dynamics was employed to simulate the flow and shear stresses on storage pile surfaces using the numerical Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and the k-ω SST turbulence model. At the same time, dust emission was estimated using an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method, which estimates the emission potential of a material based on the wind friction velocity and the material's threshold friction velocity. The numerical model was validated against experimental data from an EPA study. In addition, this study investigated the efficiency of various dynamic wind deflectors with different heights and inclination angles. The results showed that most of the investigated dynamic fence-deflector models reduced the velocity magnitude, vortices, and turbulence intensity, lessening the impact of shear stresses compared to single solid fences and consequently reducing the emission of dust from the exposed surfaces (i.e., a primary measure of impact reduction). More specifically, the deflector of width (Ydef) 2 m with an inclination of (∅def) 65° was the most effective, where the shear stress on the pile surface and the emission factor were reduced by 29.16% and 21.79%, respectively, compared to the single fence of the same height. Finally, adding dynamic wind deflectors enhances the performance of solid fences, and it is a more effective and less expensive solution than replacing single fences with other windbreak models.

动态固体栅栏-导流板后露天堆垛的气流结构和粉尘排放的三维数值模拟
工业场地的露天堆场是一个重要的散逸性粉尘排放源。受风力侵蚀的颗粒材料可能会向大气排放大量粉尘。为了控制和减少这些排放,人们提出了几种不同形状的挡风墙和围栏。通常在露天堆场(即露天堆场)周围设置固体围栏,以防止和减少这些排放,尽管它们有一些局限性。本研究旨在通过将固体围栏与动态导风板相结合来提高固体围栏的有效性。研究采用计算流体动力学方法,利用数值雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯方程和 k-ω SST 湍流模型模拟储油堆表面的流动和剪应力。同时,使用环境保护局(EPA)的方法估算了粉尘排放量,该方法根据风摩擦速度和材料的阈值摩擦速度估算材料的排放潜力。数值模型与 EPA 研究的实验数据进行了验证。此外,本研究还调查了不同高度和倾角的各种动态风向导流板的效率。结果表明,与单个固体栅栏相比,大多数研究的动态栅栏-导流板模型都能降低速度大小、涡流和湍流强度,减少剪应力的影响,从而减少暴露表面的粉尘排放(即减少影响的主要措施)。更具体地说,宽度 (Ydef) 2 米、倾角 (∅def) 65° 的导流板最为有效,与相同高度的单一围栏相比,桩表面的剪应力和排放系数分别降低了 29.16% 和 21.79%。最后,增加动态风向导流板可提高实体围栏的性能,与用其他防风模式取代单一围栏相比,动态风向导流板是一种更有效、成本更低的解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Atmospheric Environment: X
Atmospheric Environment: X Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
47
审稿时长
12 weeks
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