Association between different corticosteroid regimens used in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and short-term mortality: retrospective cohort study

A. González-Castro, A. Fernandez, E. Cuenca-Fito, Y. Peñasco, J. Ceña, J.C. Rodríguez Borregán
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Abstract

Introduction

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several corticosteroid regimens have been used in the treatment of the disease, with disparate results according to drug and regimen used. For this reason, we wanted to analyze differences in early mortality derived from the use of different regimens of dexamethasone and methylprednisolone in SARS-CoV-2 infection in critically ill patients requiring admission to an ICU.

Method

Observational, analytical and retrospective study, in an intensive care unit of a third-level university hospital, (March 2020 and June 2021). Adult patients (>18 years old) who were admitted consecutively for proven SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. The association with mortality in ICU at 28 days, different corticosteroid regimens used, was analyzed using a Cox proportional risk regression model.

Results

Data from a cohort of 539 patients were studied. Patient age (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02–1.10; P = <0.01) showed a significant association with 28-day mortality in the ICU. In the comparison of the different corticosteroid regimens analyzed, taking as a reference those patients who did not receive corticosteroid treatment, the dose of dexamethasone of 6 mg/day showed a clear trend towards statistical significance as a protector of mortality at 28 days in the ICU (RR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.15–1.02, p = 0.05). The dose of dexamethasone of 6 mg/day and low doses of methylprednisolone show a similar association with survival at 28 days (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.63–2.26).

Conclusions

The use of corticosteroids has been associated with better mortality outcomes in severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the therapeutic benefits of corticosteroids are not limited to dexamethasone alone.

严重 SARS-CoV-2 感染者使用的不同皮质类固醇治疗方案与短期死亡率之间的关系:回顾性队列研究。
导言:在 SARS-CoV-2 大流行期间,有多种皮质类固醇疗法被用于治疗该疾病,但不同药物和疗法的治疗效果各不相同。因此,我们希望分析在需要入住重症监护室的重症患者感染 SARS-CoV-2 时,使用地塞米松和甲基强的松龙的不同方案所导致的早期死亡率的差异:观察、分析和回顾性研究,在一所三级大学医院的重症监护病房进行(2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 6 月)。研究对象包括因证实感染 SARS-CoV-2 而连续入院的成年患者(18 岁以上)。采用 Cox 比例风险回归模型分析了不同皮质类固醇治疗方案与重症监护病房 28 天死亡率的关系:结果:共研究了 539 例患者的数据。患者年龄(RR:1.06;95% CI:1.02-1.10;p=结论:在感染 SARS-CoV-2 的严重病例中,使用皮质类固醇可改善死亡率。然而,皮质类固醇的治疗效果并不仅限于地塞米松。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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