Effects of total sleep deprivation on performance in a manual spacecraft docking task.

IF 4.4 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Sarah Piechowski, Lennard J Kalkoffen, Sibylle Benderoth, Oliver T Wolf, Jörn Rittweger, Daniel Aeschbach, Christian Mühl
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Abstract

Sleep deprivation and circadian rhythm disruptions are highly prevalent in shift workers, and also among astronauts. Resulting sleepiness can reduce cognitive performance, lead to catastrophic occupational events, and jeopardize space missions. We investigated whether 24 hours of total sleep deprivation would affect performance not only in the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), but also in a complex operational task, i.e. simulated manual spacecraft docking. Sixty-two healthy participants completed the manual docking simulation 6df and the PVT once after a night of total sleep deprivation and once after eight hours of scheduled sleep in a counterbalanced order. We assessed the impact of sleep deprivation on docking as well as PVT performance and investigated if sustained attention is an essential component of operational performance after sleep loss. The results showed that docking accuracy decreased significantly after sleep deprivation in comparison to the control condition, but only at difficult task levels. PVT performance deteriorated under sleep deprivation. Participants with larger impairments in PVT response speed after sleep deprivation also showed larger impairments in docking accuracy. In conclusion, sleep deprivation led to impaired 6df performance, which was partly explained by impairments in sustained attention. Elevated motivation levels due to the novelty and attractiveness of the task may have helped participants to compensate for the effects of sleepiness at easier task levels. Continued testing of manual docking skills could be a useful tool both to detect sleep loss-related impairments and assess astronauts' readiness for duty during long-duration missions.

完全剥夺睡眠对人工飞船对接任务表现的影响。
睡眠不足和昼夜节律紊乱在轮班工人和宇航员中非常普遍。嗜睡会降低认知能力,导致灾难性的职业事件,并危及太空任务。我们研究了 24 小时完全剥夺睡眠是否不仅会影响精神运动警觉任务(PVT)的表现,还会影响复杂操作任务(即模拟手动航天器对接)的表现。62 名健康的参与者分别在完全剥夺睡眠一夜后和计划睡眠 8 小时后完成了手动对接模拟 6df 和精神运动性警觉任务(PVT)。我们评估了睡眠不足对对接和 PVT 性能的影响,并研究了持续注意力是否是睡眠不足后操作性能的重要组成部分。结果表明,与对照组相比,睡眠剥夺后对接的准确性明显下降,但仅限于难度较大的任务。在睡眠不足的情况下,PVT 的表现也有所下降。睡眠不足后,PVT 反应速度受损较大的参与者的对接准确性也受损较大。总之,睡眠不足会导致6df成绩受损,而这在一定程度上是由于持续注意力受损造成的。由于任务的新颖性和吸引力而提高的动机水平可能有助于参与者在较轻松的任务水平上补偿嗜睡的影响。继续测试手动对接技能可能是一种有用的工具,既可以检测与睡眠不足有关的损伤,也可以评估宇航员在长期任务中的准备情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
npj Microgravity
npj Microgravity Physics and Astronomy-Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
7.80%
发文量
50
审稿时长
9 weeks
期刊介绍: A new open access, online-only, multidisciplinary research journal, npj Microgravity is dedicated to publishing the most important scientific advances in the life sciences, physical sciences, and engineering fields that are facilitated by spaceflight and analogue platforms.
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