Bayesian estimation in veterinary pharmacology: A conceptual and practical introduction

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Andrew P. Woodward
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Abstract

Sophisticated mathematical and computational tools have become widespread and important in veterinary pharmacology. Although the theoretical basis and practical applications of these have been widely explored in the literature, statistical inference in the context of these models has received less attention. Optimization methods, often with frequentist statistical inference, have been predominant. In contrast, Bayesian statistics have not been widely applied, but offer both practical utility and arguably greater interpretability. Veterinary pharmacology applications are generally well supported by relevant prior information, from either existing substantive knowledge, or an understanding of study and model design. This facilitates practical implementation of Bayesian analyses that can take advantage of this knowledge. This essay will explore the specification of Bayesian models relevant to veterinary pharmacology, including demonstration of prior selection, and illustrate the capability of these models to generate practically useful statistics, including uncertainty statements, that are difficult or impossible to obtain otherwise. Case studies using simulated data will describe applications in clinical trials, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics, all including multilevel modeling. This content may serve as a suitable starting point for researchers in veterinary pharmacology and related disciplines considering Bayesian estimation for their applied work.

Abstract Image

兽医药理学中的贝叶斯估计:概念和实践介绍。
先进的数学和计算工具在兽医药理学中已变得非常普遍和重要。尽管这些工具的理论基础和实际应用已在文献中得到广泛探讨,但这些模型的统计推断却较少受到关注。优化方法(通常采用频数统计推断)一直占主导地位。与此相反,贝叶斯统计尚未得到广泛应用,但却具有实用性和更高的可解释性。兽医药理学应用一般都有相关的先验信息支持,这些先验信息或来自现有的实质性知识,或来自对研究和模型设计的理解。这有助于利用这些知识进行贝叶斯分析。本文将探讨与兽医药理学相关的贝叶斯模型的规范,包括演示先验选择,并说明这些模型生成实际有用的统计数据(包括不确定性声明)的能力,而这些数据是很难或不可能以其他方式获得的。使用模拟数据进行的案例研究将介绍临床试验、药效学和药代动力学中的应用,包括多层次建模。本内容可作为兽医药理学和相关学科研究人员考虑在其应用工作中采用贝叶斯估计法的合适起点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
15.40%
发文量
69
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics (JVPT) is an international journal devoted to the publication of scientific papers in the basic and clinical aspects of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology, whether the study is in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo or in silico. The Journal is a forum for recent scientific information and developments in the discipline of veterinary pharmacology, including toxicology and therapeutics. Studies that are entirely in vitro will not be considered within the scope of JVPT unless the study has direct relevance to the use of the drug (including toxicants and feed additives) in veterinary species, or that it can be clearly demonstrated that a similar outcome would be expected in vivo. These studies should consider approved or widely used veterinary drugs and/or drugs with broad applicability to veterinary species.
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