{"title":"The <i>Helicobacter pylori cag</i> pathogenicity island as a determinant of gastric cancer risk.","authors":"Sirena C Tran, Kaeli N Bryant, Timothy L Cover","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2024.2314201","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> strains can be broadly classified into two groups based on whether they contain or lack a chromosomal region known as the <i>cag</i> pathogenicity island (<i>cag</i> PAI). Colonization of the human stomach with <i>cag</i> PAI-positive strains is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease, compared to colonization with <i>cag</i> PAI-negative strains. The <i>cag</i> PAI encodes a secreted effector protein (CagA) and components of a type IV secretion system (Cag T4SS) that delivers CagA and non-protein substrates into host cells. Animal model experiments indicate that CagA and the Cag T4SS stimulate a gastric mucosal inflammatory response and contribute to the development of gastric cancer. In this review, we discuss recent studies defining structural and functional features of CagA and the Cag T4SS and mechanisms by which <i>H. pylori</i> strains containing the <i>cag</i> PAI promote the development of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10896142/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Gut Microbes","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2024.2314201","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/2/23 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori strains can be broadly classified into two groups based on whether they contain or lack a chromosomal region known as the cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI). Colonization of the human stomach with cag PAI-positive strains is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease, compared to colonization with cag PAI-negative strains. The cag PAI encodes a secreted effector protein (CagA) and components of a type IV secretion system (Cag T4SS) that delivers CagA and non-protein substrates into host cells. Animal model experiments indicate that CagA and the Cag T4SS stimulate a gastric mucosal inflammatory response and contribute to the development of gastric cancer. In this review, we discuss recent studies defining structural and functional features of CagA and the Cag T4SS and mechanisms by which H. pylori strains containing the cag PAI promote the development of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease.
期刊介绍：
The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in human physiology, influencing various aspects of health and disease such as nutrition, obesity, brain function, allergic responses, immunity, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, cancer development, cardiac disease, liver disease, and more.
Gut Microbes serves as a platform for showcasing and discussing state-of-the-art research related to the microorganisms present in the intestine. The journal emphasizes mechanistic and cause-and-effect studies. Additionally, it has a counterpart, Gut Microbes Reports, which places a greater focus on emerging topics and comparative and incremental studies.
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