Insect resilience: unraveling responses and adaptations to cold temperatures

IF 4.3 1区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY
Farman Ullah, Arzlan Abbas, Hina Gul, Ali Güncan, Muhammad Hafeez, Basana-Gowda Gadratagi, Lizette Cicero, Ricardo Ramirez-Romero, Nicolas Desneux, Zhihong Li
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Insects are vital arthropods that significantly impact various ecosystems. Their successful colonization of diverse habitats spanning from cold to warm environments is made possible by numerous adaptations shaped by environmental selection. This comprehensive review delves into the spectrum of physiological adaptations exhibited by insects to thrive in diverse environments, with a particular emphasis on the connection between these adaptations and the challenges posed by cold temperatures. Focusing on both long-term and short-term strategies, the review highlights the key protective mechanisms that insects employ to cope and thrive in cold temperatures. To withstand these constraints, insects have developed four main strategies: freeze tolerance, freeze avoidance, cryoprotective dehydration, and vitrification. These adaptive responses involve crucial physiological and biochemical changes that enable insects to withstand low temperatures. Specifically, insects exhibit cold tolerance through a range of molecular adaptive strategies, which encompass alterations in the expression of specific target genes, the synthesis of ice core formers, and the production of polyol cryoprotectants. Despite these remarkable results, there is still a lack of in-depth knowledge about the major factors contributing to successful overwintering of insects and their ability to withstand extremely low temperatures. To address these gaps, technological advances and genome sequencing of model organisms are critical to uncover the molecular mechanisms in insect responses to low temperatures. The knowledge gained from these advances provides valuable information about insect cold tolerance strategies and paves the way for a better understanding of their ecological importance and potential applications in conservation and ecological management.

昆虫的恢复力:揭示对低温的反应和适应性
昆虫是对各种生态系统有重大影响的重要节肢动物。它们之所以能够成功地在从寒冷到温暖的不同栖息地定居,是因为它们在环境选择中形成了许多适应性。本综述深入探讨了昆虫为在不同环境中茁壮成长而表现出的各种生理适应性,并特别强调了这些适应性与低温挑战之间的联系。这篇综述以长期和短期策略为重点,强调了昆虫为应对和在低温环境中茁壮成长而采用的关键保护机制。为了抵御这些限制,昆虫开发了四种主要策略:耐冻、避冻、低温保护性脱水和玻璃化。这些适应性反应涉及重要的生理和生化变化,使昆虫能够抵御低温。具体来说,昆虫通过一系列分子适应策略表现出耐寒性,这些策略包括改变特定目标基因的表达、合成冰核形成物以及生产多元醇低温保护剂。尽管取得了这些令人瞩目的成果,但人们对昆虫成功越冬的主要因素及其抵御极端低温的能力仍然缺乏深入了解。为了弥补这些差距,技术进步和模式生物基因组测序对于揭示昆虫对低温反应的分子机制至关重要。从这些进展中获得的知识提供了有关昆虫耐寒策略的宝贵信息,为更好地了解昆虫的生态重要性以及在保护和生态管理中的潜在应用铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Pest Science
Journal of Pest Science 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
8.30%
发文量
114
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Pest Science publishes high-quality papers on all aspects of pest science in agriculture, horticulture (including viticulture), forestry, urban pests, and stored products research, including health and safety issues. Journal of Pest Science reports on advances in control of pests and animal vectors of diseases, the biology, ethology and ecology of pests and their antagonists, and the use of other beneficial organisms in pest control. The journal covers all noxious or damaging groups of animals, including arthropods, nematodes, molluscs, and vertebrates. Journal of Pest Science devotes special attention to emerging and innovative pest control strategies, including the side effects of such approaches on non-target organisms, for example natural enemies and pollinators, and the implementation of these strategies in integrated pest management. Journal of Pest Science also publishes papers on the management of agro- and forest ecosystems where this is relevant to pest control. Papers on important methodological developments relevant for pest control will be considered as well.
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